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Thermodynamic Evidence for Density Wave Order in a Two Dimensional ^{4}He Supersolid
1Royal Holloway University of London, Department of Physics, Egham, Surrey TW20 0EX, United Kingdom.
Abstract:
We previously reported the discovery of a two-dimensional ^{4}He supersolid; a state with intertwined density wave and superfluid order, observed in the second layer of ^{4}He adsorbed on graphite. In this Letter we provide direct evidence for the density wave order, obtained by doping the layer with a small concentration of ^{3}He atoms (impuritons). The heat capacity, magnetization and NMR relaxation times of the ^{3}He were measured over a wide temperature range from 200 μK to 500 mK. They provide evidence for changes in the ground state in the second layer film as the amount of ^{4}He is increased at various fixed ^{3}He doses. Clear evidence is obtained for a solid second layer film, matching the regime of superfluid response previously observed in pure ^{4}He films.
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