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Participant Evaluation of Blockchain-Enhanced Women's Health Research Apps: Mixed Methods Experimental Study.
Madelena Y Ng1,2, Jodi Halpern1, Olivia Shane1
1School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, United States.
JMIR Mhealth and Uhealth
|March 25, 2025
Summary
Blockchain technology in women's health research apps is secondary to perceived research value. Participants prioritize study benefits over blockchain features for participation and data contribution.
Area of Science:
- Digital Health Research
- Blockchain Technology
- Women's Health
Background:
- Blockchain offers potential for safeguarding sensitive personal health data in digital research.
- Women's health data is particularly sensitive, with risks of unauthorized disclosure impacting research participation.
- Privacy-by-design prototypes were developed to assess blockchain's impact on participation.
Purpose of the Study:
- To explore women's perspectives on blockchain technology in app-based digital health research.
- To determine if blockchain applications influence participation and sensitive data contribution decisions.
- To understand user attitudes toward blockchain features in health research apps.
Main Methods:
- A convergent, mixed methods, experimental design evaluated user perceptions of two app prototypes.
- Prototypes varied in electronic informed consent procedures, with identical data flow and pseudonymization mechanisms.
- User evaluations included think-aloud protocols, perception surveys, and semistructured interviews, analyzed using the technology acceptance model.
Main Results:
- Prototype A (extensive consent) was perceived more favorably regarding privacy, trust, and usability than Prototype B (minimized onboarding).
- Prototype B offered easier navigation and comprehension, but Prototype A showed lower privacy concerns and risks.
- Perceived usefulness related to study value (to field and self) and blockchain features influenced behavioral intention to use the app.
Conclusions:
- Blockchain applications in app-based research are secondary to participants' core expectations of health research value.
- Participants' intention to participate and contribute data is primarily driven by perceived research benefits, not blockchain features.
- Understanding optimal integration of blockchain in digital health research infrastructure is crucial due to evolving data privacy and security concerns.
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