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Related Concept Videos

Movement Joints in Buildings01:27

Movement Joints in Buildings

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Movement joints in buildings are essential design elements that accommodate inevitable motions caused by various factors such as temperature changes, moisture content variations, and structural deflections. These motions, if not considered in design and construction, can lead to unsightly or dangerous damage. Movement joints are incorporated in different forms to manage these stresses and allow materials to move without causing distress.
The simplest type of movement joints, working joints, are...
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Design Consideration01:22

Design Consideration

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Designing a structure involves a series of considerations, primarily the material's ultimate strength, calculated through tests that measure changes under increased force until the material reaches its breaking point or limit. The ultimate load, where the material breaks, is divided by its original cross-sectional area, resulting in the ultimate normal stress or strength. The ultimate shearing stress is another significant factor taken into account.
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The principle of virtual work is an essential concept in the field of mechanics and engineering. This is used to solve problems related to the equilibrium of a structure or system. It is based on the assumption that if a system is in equilibrium, the work done by all the forces during a virtual displacement is zero. This principle is applied by considering virtual displacements of the system and the corresponding work done by internal and external forces.
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Design Example: Managing Concrete Workability01:14

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This example deals with managing the workability of concrete for a raft foundation project under hot weather conditions. Workability is crucial for ensuring the concrete is easy to place, compact, and finish. In this scenario, a slump test — a common method to measure the workability of fresh concrete — initially indicated low workability. This was attributed to the rapid water loss from the concrete mix, exacerbated by the high temperatures causing the course aggregates to heat up.
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Types of Building Separation Joints01:23

Types of Building Separation Joints

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Building separation joints divide large or complex building structures into smaller, discrete units that can move independently. These joints are categorized into three types: volume-change joints, settlement joints, and seismic separation joints.
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Saint-Venant's Principle01:18

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The principle of Saint-Venant postulates that the stress distribution within a structural member does not rely on the precise method of load application except in the vicinity of the load application points. Consider a scenario where loads are centrally applied on two plates. In this case, the plates move toward each other without any rotation. This movement causes the member to contract in length and expand in width and thickness. Uniform deformation across all elements and maintaining...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 20, 2025

Application of Design Aspects in Uniaxial Loading Machine Development
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Exploring alignments between design principles and work unit needs in activity-based flexible offices: a case study.

Melina Forooraghi1, Annemarie Hultberg1, Ingibjörg H Jonsdottir1,2

  • 1Institute of Stress Medicine, Region Västra Götaland, Gothenburg, Sweden.

Ergonomics
|March 25, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Activity-based flexible offices (AFOs) negatively impacted employee perceptions of workplace design. Uniform AFO principles failed to support diverse work needs, highlighting the need for a balanced approach.

Keywords:
Workspace designflexible officeperceived performancetask characteristicswork environment

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Area of Science:

  • Organizational Psychology
  • Workplace Design
  • Human-Computer Interaction

Background:

  • Activity-based flexible offices (AFOs) are designed to offer diverse workspaces catering to employee activities and needs.
  • The study investigates employee perceptions of workplace design in AFOs within a Swedish public service organization.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To examine employee perceptions of workplace design before and after relocating to Activity-based flexible offices (AFOs).
  • To identify challenges associated with uniform AFO design principles across different work units.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized pre- and post-occupancy surveys with 345 (T1) and 388 (T2) participants.
  • Conducted post-occupancy interviews with 75 participants (T2).
  • Applied explorative and descriptive data analysis.

Main Results:

  • A negative trend in employee perceptions of workplace design was observed post-relocation.
  • Predominantly open zones were unsuitable for tasks requiring concentration or confidentiality.
  • Limited personalization options hindered creative tasks, and clean-desk policies impacted team cohesion.

Conclusions:

  • Uniform application of AFO design principles presents significant challenges for diverse work units.
  • A balanced approach, integrating customized and uniform design principles, is recommended to align office design with varied organizational needs.