Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Stages of Sleep01:22

Stages of Sleep

160
Sleep progresses through distinct stages, each characterized by specific brain wave patterns and physiological responses ranging from wakefulness to stages of non-rapid eye movement, known as non-REM, to rapid eye movement, referred to as REM. Understanding these stages helps in recognizing how sleep supports various bodily and cognitive functions.
Before sleep begins, in wakefulness, the brain exhibits primarily beta waves, which are high in frequency and low in amplitude, indicating alertness...
160
Sleep-Wake Cycles01:24

Sleep-Wake Cycles

1.2K
Sleep is an essential physiological process vital to maintaining overall well-being. The reticular activating system (RAS), a network of neurons in the brainstem, regulates wakefulness and sleep. While it may seem passive, sleep consists of distinct cycles, each with its unique characteristics and functions. Two key sleep phases are non-rapid eye movement (NREM) and  rapid eye movement (REM).
NREM Sleep
NREM sleep comprises four progressive stages that seamlessly merge:
1.2K
REM Sleep Behavior Disorder01:15

REM Sleep Behavior Disorder

123
REM Sleep Behavior Disorder (RBD) is a sleep disorder characterized by the absence of muscle paralysis that normally occurs during the REM phase of sleep. This absence allows individuals to physically act out their dreams, which are often vivid and disturbing. Common behaviors exhibited during episodes include kicking, punching, and yelling. These actions can be dangerous, potentially leading to injuries for the person with RBD or their bed partner.
RBD is significantly associated with...
123
Management of Insomnia01:19

Management of Insomnia

229
The sleep cycle, an integral part of human health, consists of several stages with distinct characteristics and functions. It begins with a transition from wakefulness to sleep, known as the light sleep phase, followed by the restorative deep sleep phase, essential for physical recovery and growth. The cycle concludes with the Rapid Eye Movement (REM) phase, characterized by high brain activity and vivid dreaming. Insomnia, a prevalent sleep disorder, involves difficulty falling asleep, staying...
229
Stages of General Anesthesia01:22

Stages of General Anesthesia

332
Various sedation levels offer significant advantages in facilitating procedural interventions for patients undergoing medical or invasive surgical procedures. These levels span from anxiolysis to general anesthesia, providing a spectrum of sedative effects to cater to specific patient needs. Anxiolysis reduces anxiety and is achieved through minimal sedation, enabling patients to remain awake and responsive while feeling more at ease during the procedure. This level can benefit minor...
332
Understanding Sleep01:11

Understanding Sleep

214
Sleep, an essential biological state, involves significant reductions in physical activity, sensory awareness, and interaction with the environment. This complex physiological process is primarily regulated by specific brain regions, notably the hypothalamus and pons, which govern the sleep-wake cycle or circadian rhythm.
The circadian rhythm, a nearly 24-hour cycle, is deeply influenced by environmental light cues. Light exposure directly affects the hypothalamus, which in turn regulates...
214

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Ten-Year Outcomes after CAR T-Cell Therapy for B-Cell Lymphomas.

The New England journal of medicine·2026
Same author

The impact of IPI risk factors on CAR T-cell therapy or allogeneic stem cell transplantation for treatment of relapsed or refractory large B-cell lymphoma (LBCL).

Bone marrow transplantation·2026
Same author

Outcomes of CAR T-Cell Therapy in transformed indolent Non-Hodgkin Lymphomas and de novo DLBCL: A comparative analysis from the Italian CAR T-SIE study.

European journal of cancer (Oxford, England : 1990)·2026
Same author

Naïve CD4<sup>+</sup> T-cells and disease status at CART infusion correlate with clinical outcomes in real-world large B-cell lymphoma patients receiving second-line CAR T therapy.

Nature communications·2026
Same author

Polatuzumab vedotin-containing regimens as bridge to CART: analysis from the CART-SIE study.

Blood advances·2026
Same author

β-hydroxybutyrate enhances the metabolic fitness of CAR T cells in cancer.

Cell·2026
Same journal

Fast-conducting mechanonociceptors uniquely engage reflexive and affective pain circuitry to drive protective responses.

Neuron·2026
Same journal

Sparse component analysis: A method that uncovers separable computations within neural population activity.

Neuron·2026
Same journal

Spatiomolecular mapping reveals anatomical organization of heterogeneous cell types in the human nucleus accumbens.

Neuron·2026
Same journal

TGF-β1-induced endothelial transcytosis drives blood-brain barrier leakage during aging.

Neuron·2026
Same journal

Image space opens up for visual neuroscience.

Neuron·2026
Same journal

Septal GLP-1 receptors control alcohol taking and seeking.

Neuron·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 20, 2025

Quantifying Infra-slow Dynamics of Spectral Power and Heart Rate in Sleeping Mice
10:56

Quantifying Infra-slow Dynamics of Spectral Power and Heart Rate in Sleeping Mice

Published on: August 2, 2017

9.9K

Sleep stages antagonistically modulate reactivation drift.

Lars Bollmann1, Peter Baracskay1, Federico Stella2

  • 1Institute of Science and Technology (ISTA) Austria, 3400 Klosterneuburg, Austria.

Neuron
|March 25, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

During sleep, brain neuronal assemblies gradually reorganize, not remain static. Non-REM sleep drives this change, while REM sleep stabilizes it, impacting spatial memory and learning.

Keywords:
Bayesian decodingREMhidden Markov modelhippocampuslearningplace cellsreactivationsreplaysharp-wave ripplessleep

More Related Videos

Optogenetic Manipulation of Neural Circuits During Monitoring Sleep/wakefulness States in Mice
08:58

Optogenetic Manipulation of Neural Circuits During Monitoring Sleep/wakefulness States in Mice

Published on: June 19, 2019

9.6K
Measuring Neural Mechanisms Underlying Sleep-Dependent Memory Consolidation During Naps in Early Childhood
08:20

Measuring Neural Mechanisms Underlying Sleep-Dependent Memory Consolidation During Naps in Early Childhood

Published on: October 2, 2019

11.8K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 20, 2025

Quantifying Infra-slow Dynamics of Spectral Power and Heart Rate in Sleeping Mice
10:56

Quantifying Infra-slow Dynamics of Spectral Power and Heart Rate in Sleeping Mice

Published on: August 2, 2017

9.9K
Optogenetic Manipulation of Neural Circuits During Monitoring Sleep/wakefulness States in Mice
08:58

Optogenetic Manipulation of Neural Circuits During Monitoring Sleep/wakefulness States in Mice

Published on: June 19, 2019

9.6K
Measuring Neural Mechanisms Underlying Sleep-Dependent Memory Consolidation During Naps in Early Childhood
08:20

Measuring Neural Mechanisms Underlying Sleep-Dependent Memory Consolidation During Naps in Early Childhood

Published on: October 2, 2019

11.8K

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Sleep Research
  • Systems Consolidation

Background:

  • Hippocampal reactivation of neuronal assemblies during sleep is crucial for systems consolidation.
  • The dynamic nature of these reactivated assemblies over extended sleep periods remains poorly understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate whether reactivated hippocampal CA1 neuronal assembly patterns change dynamically over prolonged sleep periods.
  • To determine the influence of different sleep stages (REM and NREM) on the reorganization of these assemblies.

Main Methods:

  • Tracking reactivated CA1 neuronal assembly patterns in rats over approximately 20 hours of sleep/rest.
  • Comparing these patterns to assemblies observed before and after sleep within a spatial learning paradigm.

Main Results:

  • Reactivated assembly patterns undergo gradual transformation, increasingly resembling patterns seen during subsequent recall.
  • Non-REM (NREM) sleep accelerates assembly drift, whereas Rapid Eye Movement (REM) sleep counteracts this drift.
  • A subset of pyramidal cells with changing firing rates drives this reorganization, while stable-firing cells maintain consistent reactivation patterns.

Conclusions:

  • Prolonged sleep facilitates spontaneous reorganization of spatial neuronal assemblies in the hippocampus.
  • This reorganization may contribute to updating cognitive maps or encoding new learning experiences.