Lower ureteric amyloidoma mimicking urothelial carcinoma: diagnostic and therapeutic challenges

Amyloidosis comprises a group of disorders characterised by the buildup of amyloid substances outside cells. This condition can manifest as either a systemic disorder affecting multiple organs or a localised disorder impacting specific organs. While systemic amyloidosis is more common, localised amyloidosis within the urinary tract, particularly the ureter, is rare.Localised ureteral amyloidosis presents a diagnostic challenge because its clinical and radiological features can resemble those of neoplastic conditions, such as urothelial carcinoma. This similarity in presentation can make it difficult to accurately diagnose the condition before surgery.This report discusses a notable case of ureteral amyloidosis that was initially mistaken for urothelial carcinoma based on imaging findings. Understanding such cases is crucial for improving the diagnosis and management of localised urinary tract amyloidosis, especially in the context of lower ureteral malignancies.