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Diabetes can impact cellular immunity in solid tumors.
Malgorzata A Garstka1, Lukasz Kedzierski2, Tomasz Maj3
1Department of Endocrinology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710016, China; Core Research Laboratory, Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710016, China.
Trends in Immunology
|March 25, 2025
Summary
Type 2 diabetes (T2D) may worsen cancer immunosuppression, impacting antitumor immunity. This review explores how T2D affects solid tumors, potentially through myeloid and lymphoid cell dysfunction.
Area of Science:
- Immunology
- Oncology
- Metabolic Disorders
Background:
- Cancer and type 2 diabetes (T2D) are globally prevalent, often co-occurring conditions.
- The immune system is crucial for tumor elimination, influenced by metabolic factors like glucose.
- Diabetes dysregulates immune responses, while cancer establishes an immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the interplay between T2D and solid tumors.
- To examine how T2D might exacerbate cancer-induced immunosuppression.
- To identify challenges and potential mechanisms in this interaction.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of existing research on T2D and cancer immunity.
- Analysis of data from both preclinical (mouse models) and clinical (human tissues) studies.
- Exploration of proposed immunological mechanisms.
Main Results:
- Evidence suggests T2D can negatively impact antitumor immune responses.
- Inconsistencies exist between mouse models and human data.
- Potential mechanisms involve myeloid cell-driven immunosuppression and impaired antigen presentation.
- Lymphoid cell exhaustion is another implicated factor.
Conclusions:
- T2D may exacerbate the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment.
- Understanding this interplay is critical for developing effective cancer therapies in diabetic patients.
- Further research is needed to clarify mechanisms and resolve data inconsistencies.
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