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Related Concept Videos

Introduction to Fibroblasts01:09

Introduction to Fibroblasts

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Rudolph Virchow discovered spindle-shaped cells called fibroblasts in 1858. Inactive fibroblasts, called fibrocytes, become activated by various stimuli, such as growth factors and inflammatory cytokines. Activated fibroblasts play a crucial role in wound healing, inflammation, formation of new blood vessels, and cancer progression. Uncontrolled activation of fibroblasts results in fibrosis, the excess deposition of fibrous tissue, which can lead to scarring and affect normal organs. This...
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Treatment for a fracture is based on the type of break, the bone affected, and the patient's age.
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The liver is an important organ in vertebrates that plays an essential role in metabolism. It is also responsible for storing and redistributing nutrients such as carbohydrates, fats, and vitamins in the body. Additionally, the liver releases bile salts which are critical for digesting food and eliminating toxic metabolites from the body.
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Unlike epithelial tissue, which is composed of cells closely packed with little or no extracellular space in between, connective tissue cells are dispersed in a matrix. This extracellular matrix (ECM) is composed of fibrous proteins like collagen, elastin, and fibronectin in a ground substance consisting of interstitial fluid, cell adhesion proteins, and proteoglycans. The proteoglycans form a gel-like material in the spaces between cells and provide hydration, buffering, binding, and force...
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Fibronectin is an adhesive glycoprotein present in the extracellular matrix of embryogenic and adult tissue. These molecules primarily aid in regulating cell motility and attachment. A fibronectin molecule is composed of two identical polypeptide chains attached to each other by a pair of disulfide bonds at the C-terminal.
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Following injury, the integrity of the injured tissues must be reestablished. For example, in skin tissue, wound repair involves coordination among resident skin cells, blood mononuclear cells, extracellular matrix, growth factors, and cytokines to complete the healing cascade.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 20, 2025

A Human Corneal Organ Culture Model of Descemet's Stripping Only with Accelerated Healing Stimulated by Engineered Fibroblast Growth Factor 1
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Fibroblast-derived osteoglycin promotes epithelial cell repair.

Luke van der Koog1,2, Manon E Woest3, Iris C Gorter3

  • 1Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Groningen Research Institute of Pharmacy, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.

NPJ Regenerative Medicine
|March 26, 2025
PubMed
Summary

Osteoglycin (OGN) promotes lung epithelial repair by enhancing alveolar progenitor differentiation and communication. An OGN fragment shows therapeutic potential for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).

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Area of Science:

  • Pulmonary Medicine
  • Regenerative Biology
  • Drug Discovery

Background:

  • Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) involves defective epithelial repair.
  • Mesenchymal niche factors regulate epithelial stem cell activation and are potential therapeutic targets.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify novel drug targets within the lung fibroblast secretome for improving epithelial repair.
  • To investigate the therapeutic potential of osteoglycin (OGN) and its fragments in COPD.

Main Methods:

  • Proteomics-guided drug discovery strategy.
  • Lung organoid assays and transcriptomic analyses.
  • In vitro and in vivo models of lung injury and COPD.

Main Results:

  • Osteoglycin (OGN) was identified as a key regenerative ligand promoting alveolar progenitor differentiation, ROS detoxification, and fibroblast-epithelial crosstalk.
  • OGN expression was reduced in COPD patients and smoke-exposed mice.
  • A specific OGN fragment (leucine-rich repeat regions 4-7) replicated OGN's regenerative effects and improved lung function in vivo.

Conclusions:

  • OGN is a critical secreted protein for alveolar epithelial repair.
  • The active fragment of OGN represents a promising therapeutic candidate for COPD treatment.