Cognition and vascular factors: Insights from carotid intima-media thickness and ankle-brachial index in a cohort
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View abstract on PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.Peripheral and central vascular health, measured by ankle-brachial index and carotid intima-media thickness, differentially impact cognitive function over time. Combined vascular issues significantly accelerate cognitive decline, highlighting the need for proactive vascular care to prevent dementia.
Area Of Science
- Gerontology and Cognitive Neuroscience
- Cardiovascular Health and Brain Aging
Background
- Limited research exists on the combined effects of peripheral and central vascular health on long-term cognitive changes.
- Understanding these intercorrelations is crucial for developing strategies to prevent cognitive decline in aging populations.
Purpose Of The Study
- To investigate the associations between peripheral (ankle-brachial index) and central (carotid intima-media thickness) vascular markers and cognitive performance over time.
- To explore how these vascular factors, individually and jointly, influence different cognitive domains in older adults.
Main Methods
- Prospective cohort study with 516 older adults, followed from 2011-2013 to 2019 with biennial cognitive assessments.
- Cognitive functions assessed included global cognition, memory, executive function, and verbal fluency.
- Generalized linear mixed models were used to analyze the relationship between vascular markers (ABI, CIMT) and cognition, adjusting for covariates.
Main Results
- Ankle-brachial index (ABI) changes were associated with attention decline over time.
- Carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT) showed complex associations with attention at baseline and over time, and was linked to declines in global cognition, memory, executive function, and verbal fluency.
- The combined effect of abnormal ABI and elevated CIMT was associated with the most significant decline in attention and memory.
Conclusions
- Peripheral and central vascular factors have distinct and synergistic effects on cognitive performance in older adults.
- Maintaining vascular health is critical for preserving cognitive function and potentially preventing preclinical dementia.
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