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Applying the Social Ecological Model to Explore HIV-Related Stigma in Florida: A Qualitative Study
Renessa S Williams1, Veronica L Richards2, Nichole E Stetten3,4
1School of Nursing and Health Studies, University of Miami.
Stigma and Health
|March 26, 2025
Summary
Reducing human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) stigma requires a comprehensive, multilevel strategy addressing individual, community, and systemic factors. This approach must include insights from people living with and without HIV in Florida.
Area of Science:
- Public Health
- Social Sciences
- Health Communication
Background:
- HIV-related stigma remains a significant barrier to prevention and care.
- Understanding stigma's multifaceted nature is crucial for effective intervention development.
Purpose of the Study:
- To describe human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-related stigma in Florida.
- To identify strategies for reducing HIV stigma using the social ecological model (SEM).
Main Methods:
- Qualitative surveys administered to 76 participants (with and without HIV) in Florida.
- Directed content analysis applied across five SEM levels: individual, interpersonal, community, institutional, and structural.
Main Results:
- Identified themes including individual knowledge/fear, interpersonal networks, community judgments, institutional provider competence, and structural barriers.
- Stigma manifests differently across SEM levels, highlighting the need for tailored interventions.
Conclusions:
- A multilevel approach is essential for reducing HIV stigma in Florida.
- Incorporating perspectives from both people living with and without HIV is vital for effective stigma reduction strategies.
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