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Related Concept Videos

Temperature Measurement Sites01:14

Temperature Measurement Sites

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A thermometer measures body temperature. The common sites for measuring body temperature are the oral cavity, axillary region, temporal artery, and skin surface, such as the forehead, abdomen, and axilla. True core body temperature is assessed in the rectum, tympanic membrane, pulmonary artery, esophagus, and urinary bladder.
Oral: When assessing oral temperature, the thermometer tip should be placed under the tongue in the posterior sublingual pocket. It offers accurate readings and can be...
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Assessing Body Temperature - Oral01:14

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Here are the steps to accurately measure oral temperature using an electronic thermometer:
Step 1:
Start by practicing proper hand hygiene to prevent the spread of microorganisms.
Step 2:
Take the thermometer out of the charging unit, switch it on, and wait for the ready sign.
Step 3:
Gently slide the probe cover until a click is heard. This simple action prevents cross-contamination and ensures the correct placement of the probe cover.
Step 4:
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Conduction, Convection and Radiation: Problem Solving01:20

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There are three methods by which heat transfer can take place: conduction, convection, and radiation. Each method has unique and interesting characteristics, but all three have two things in common: they transfer heat solely because of a temperature difference; and the greater the temperature difference, the faster the heat transfer.
In order to solve a problem related to heat transfer, first of all, the situation needs to be examined to determine the type of heat transfer involved. This could...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 20, 2025

Effective Analysis of Human Exposure Conditions with Body-worn Dosimeters in the 2.4 GHz Band
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Evaluating Heat Risk: Comparing On-Site WBGT Measurements Versus Smartphone Application Estimates.

A J Grundstein1, S W Yeargin2, E R Cooper1

  • 1University of Georgia Athens GA USA.

Geohealth
|March 26, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Phone apps estimating wet bulb globe temperature (WBGT) correlate well with on-site devices but run cooler. This difference impacts heat safety activity modifications, especially in hotter conditions.

Keywords:
WBGTactivity modificationexertional heat illnesson‐site measurementphone applicationwet bulb globe temperature

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Area of Science:

  • Environmental Health
  • Occupational Safety
  • Sports Medicine

Background:

  • Exertional heat illness is a risk for outdoor workers, athletes, and military personnel.
  • Monitoring heat stress using the wet bulb globe temperature (WBGT) is crucial for safety.
  • Phone applications (PAs) offer estimated WBGT, but their accuracy against on-site (OS) devices is unclear.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare WBGT estimates from a phone application (Zelus PA) with on-site (OS) measurements.
  • To assess the impact of these differences on activity modification categorization.

Main Methods:

  • A 2-month observational study collected 1,056 paired WBGT measurements (OS vs. PA).
  • Data were gathered from 26 US high schools across diverse surfaces (artificial turf, natural grass).
  • WBGT values were categorized using regional activity modification thresholds.

Main Results:

  • A high correlation (r=0.89) was found between PA and OS WBGT measurements.
  • PA WBGTs were, on average, 1°C cooler than OS measurements, with larger discrepancies at higher temperatures.
  • Significant discrepancies in activity modification categories were observed, with PAs suggesting less modification.

Conclusions:

  • While correlated, phone application WBGT estimates differ from on-site measurements, particularly in hotter conditions.
  • These discrepancies can lead to less conservative heat safety recommendations.
  • Further validation of phone applications is needed before they replace on-site WBGT devices.