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Direct and Indirect Effects of Risk Perception and Risk Information on PTSD in Frontline Healthcare Workers
Lili Wu1,2, Shiyu Geng3, Yaoguang Zhou1,2
1Lab for Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder, Faculty of Psychology and Mental Health, Navy Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, People's Republic of China.
Background:
The COVID-19 Delta variant caused an outbreak in Guangdong in mid-May 2021. The risk information and risk perception of COVID-19 have been considered factors associated with mental health statuses, especially posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), in frontline healthcare workers.
Objective:
The aim of this study is to investigate the interactive relationship in risk information and risk perception of COVID-19 and PTSD in healthcare personnel from the emergency department.
Design:
We conducted a survey one month after the outbreak. A cross-sectional survey design is adopted, and 3078 participants are enrolled. The PTSD checklist for DSM-5 (PCL-5), risk information questionnaire, and risk perception questionnaire are utilized to collect data.
Methods:
Bivariate correlation analysis and structural equation modelling are performed to analyze the mediating role of risk perception in the relationship between risk information and PTSD.
Results:
The estimated prevalence of PTSD among frontline healthcare workers is 28.2%. The risk information for COVID-19, risk perception, and PTSD symptoms are mutually correlated. The specific paths from risk perception to PTSD show significant effects, in which two had negative effects and one had a positive effect. The risk perception feature in 2020 differed from that in 2019, which is largely due to the risk perception of the virus.
Conclusion:
The estimated prevalence of PTSD among frontline healthcare workers remains high. Risk information for COVID-19 has dual effects on PTSD through the mediation of risk perceptions. Unfamiliarity with the SAR-COVID-2 Delta variant increased the risk perception of COVID-19. Effective risk communication regarding COVID-19 can have a positive effect on the mental health of frontline healthcare workers.
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