Sagittal sinus thrombosis - rare complication of nephrotic syndrome in a young child

The nephrotic syndrome (NS) is caused by increased glomerular permeability. We report a case of NS in a 3-year-old girl, complicated with central nervous system venous thrombosis. Physical examination revealed anasarca (edema, pleurisy, and ascites), intensely foaming urine. The lab tests showed severe, non-selective proteinuria, marked hypoproteinemia, dyslipidemia; also associated with abnormal thyroid panel due to urinary binding protein loss. Once the diagnosis was established and pathogen-specific treatment was started, the clinical and paraclinical evolution were favorable. A prolonged right body seizure was the onset symptom of cerebral venous infarction due to sagittal sinus thrombosis. Short- and long-term outcomes of the thrombosis can be severe, so anticoagulant therapy was promptly initiated.