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Does the Phase-One Functional Therapy Increase the Risk of an External Apical Root Resorption Following the Phase-Two
Sara Eslami1, Jakob Stuhlfelder1, Suh-In Rhie2
1Department of Orthodontics, Johann-Wolfgang Goethe University, 60596 Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
Dentistry Journal
|March 26, 2025
Summary
Orthodontic treatment can cause apical root resorption (EARR), but this study found no significant difference between one-phase and two-phase therapies. Abnormal root shapes, like short or pipette-formed roots, increase EARR risk.
Area of Science:
- Dentistry
- Orthodontics
- Radiology
Background:
- Apical root resorption (EARR) is a common consequence of orthodontic treatment.
- Factors influencing EARR include patient demographics, appliance type, and treatment duration.
Purpose of the Study:
- To analyze the frequency and extent of EARR in incisors and molars.
- To investigate the influence of age, gender, root shape, appliance type, and treatment duration on EARR.
Main Methods:
- Retrospective study of 57 patients with 570 teeth.
- Orthopantomograms (OPGs) used to assess EARR using crown-root ratio and Levander and Malmgren classification.
- Statistical analysis included Wilcoxon Mann-Whitney U test, Spearman's correlation, and Chi-square test.
Main Results:
- No significant difference in EARR between one-phase and two-phase orthodontic treatment (p=0.89).
- Average root resorption was -5.14%, with no significant influence from gender, age, appliance type, or treatment duration.
- Short root length and pipette-formed roots were significantly associated with higher EARR risk (p=0.001).
Conclusions:
- Two-phase orthodontic treatment does not significantly increase EARR risk compared to one-phase therapy.
- Root resorption is an expected outcome of orthodontic treatment.
- Abnormal root morphology is a key predictor of EARR risk.
