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Emerging Dual-Gate FET Sensor Paradigm for Ultra-Low Concentration Cortisol Detection in Complex Bioenvironments.

Seung-Jin Lee¹, Won-Ju Cho¹

¹Department of Electronic Materials Engineering, Kwangwoon University, Gwangun-ro 20, Nowon-gu, Seoul 01897, Republic of Korea.

|March 26, 2025

Summary

This study introduces a novel dual-gate field-effect transistor (DG-FET) sensor for highly sensitive cortisol detection. The DG-FET sensor achieves ultra-low concentration detection, outperforming conventional methods for stress hormone monitoring.

Keywords:

antigen–antibody capacitive coupling cortisol sensor dual-gate extended-gate field-effect transistor

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Area of Science:

Biomedical Engineering
Sensor Technology
Analytical Chemistry

Background:

Cortisol monitoring is crucial for stress response and health condition assessment.
Conventional cortisol detection methods lack sensitivity and reliability at low concentrations.
Non-invasive monitoring of cortisol is desirable for diagnostic applications.

Purpose of the Study:

To develop a novel, highly sensitive cortisol detection method.
To enhance cortisol detection sensitivity using dual-gate field-effect transistor (DG-FET) sensors.
To validate the reliability and stability of the DG-FET sensor in complex environments.

Main Methods:

Fabrication of a DG-FET sensor with a SnO2 thin film-based extended-gate.
Immobilization of monoclonal antibodies for cortisol recognition.
Evaluation of sensor performance in single-gate and dual-gate modes.
Testing sensor stability and reliability in artificial saliva with interfering substances.

Main Results:

The DG-FET sensor demonstrated significantly enhanced sensitivity (243.8 mV/dec) compared to single-gate mode (14.3 mV/dec).
Achieved a low limit of detection for cortisol at 276 pM.
Validated sensor reliability and stability in artificial saliva, showing accurate detection amidst interfering substances.

Conclusions:

The developed DG-FET sensor offers a paradigm shift for high-sensitivity cortisol detection.
This technology enables precise monitoring of cortisol at ultra-low concentrations.
The DG-FET sensor shows great potential for bioassays requiring high sensitivity and reliability in complex biological samples.