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MicroRNAs

MicroRNAs

MicroRNA (miRNA) are short, regulatory RNA transcribed from introns (non-coding regions of a gene) or intergenic regions (stretches of DNA present between genes). Several processing steps are required to form biologically active, mature miRNA. The initial transcript, called primary miRNA (pri-mRNA), base-pairs with itself, forming a stem-loop structure. Within the nucleus, an endonuclease enzyme, called Drosha, shortens the stem-loop structure into hairpin-shaped pre-miRNA. After the pre-miRNA...

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MicroRNA Based Liquid Biopsy: The Experience of the Plasma miRNA Signature Classifier MSC for Lung Cancer Screening

MicroRNA Based Liquid Biopsy: The Experience of the Plasma miRNA Signature Classifier MSC for Lung Cancer Screening

Published on: October 26, 2017

Plasmonic Biosensors in Cancer-Associated miRNA Detection.

Nayoung Kim¹, Mingyu Bae¹, Euni Cho¹

¹Department of Information Convergence Engineering, Pusan National University, Yangsan 50612, Republic of Korea.

|March 26, 2025

Summary

Advanced plasmonic biosensors offer sensitive detection of cancer-associated microRNAs (miRNAs) for early diagnosis. This review highlights recent innovations in plasmonic sensing strategies and nanomaterials for improved cancer detection and treatment monitoring.

Keywords:

biosensor cancer localized surface plasmon resonance miRNA plasmonic enhanced fluorescent surface plasmon resonance

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Area of Science:

Biomedical Engineering
Molecular Diagnostics
Nanotechnology

Background:

Cancer remains a leading cause of death, necessitating improved early diagnostic methods.
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are crucial biomarkers for cancer detection, prognosis, and monitoring due to their specificity and stability.
Plasmonic biosensors offer high sensitivity and selectivity for biomarker analysis.

Purpose of the Study:

To provide a comprehensive overview of recent advancements (approx. last 5 years) in plasmonic biosensor technology for cancer-associated miRNA detection.
To highlight emerging plasmonic sensing strategies, novel nanomaterials, and signal amplification techniques.
To explore the potential of these innovations in improving cancer diagnosis and treatment.

Main Methods:

Review of recent scientific literature focusing on plasmonic biosensors and miRNA detection.
Emphasis on innovative sensing strategies, nanomaterial integration, and signal amplification methods.
Analysis of advancements within the last five years.

Main Results:

Significant progress in plasmonic biosensor sensitivity and selectivity for miRNA detection.
Integration of novel nanomaterials enhances biosensor performance.
Advanced signal amplification techniques improve detection limits.
Emerging strategies show promise for clinical translation.

Conclusions:

Plasmonic biosensors represent a powerful tool for sensitive and selective detection of cancer-associated miRNAs.
Recent innovations in materials and techniques are rapidly advancing the field.
These developments hold significant potential for improving early cancer diagnosis and patient management.