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Cognitive Learning01:21

Cognitive Learning

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Cognitive learning is based on purposive behavior, incidental learning, and insight learning.
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Revisionist Views of Adolescent and Adult Cognition01:24

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Decision Making01:20

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Heuristics01:21

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Metacognition is a conscious process where individuals are aware of their cognitive and executive processes, such as planning before solving a problem or self-monitoring during reading. For instance, a writer may need help with composing a piece. The situation involves a writer who is working on a piece of writing, but while doing so, they realize that something is missing. They notice that their characters lack depth or details. This realization occurs because the writer is reflecting on their...
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The Joint Effect of Social Comparison and Social Distance on Evaluation of Intertemporal Choice Outcomes in Event-related Potential Studies
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Planning, Cognitive Reflection, Inter-Temporal Choice, and Risky Choice in Chess Players: An Expertise Approach.

Guillermo Campitelli1, Martín Labollita2, Merim Bilalić3

  • 1College of Health and Education, Murdoch University, Murdoch, WA 6150, Australia.

Journal of Intelligence
|March 26, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Chess experts demonstrate enhanced planning and cognitive reflection skills. While showing a preference for future rewards, differences in risky decision-making were minimal, suggesting cognitive advantages of chess expertise.

Keywords:
Tower of Londonchesscognitive reflection testexpertiseexpertise approachindividual differencestransfer

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Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Neuroscience
  • Behavioral Economics

Background:

  • Chess expertise is associated with complex cognitive demands.
  • Understanding the specific cognitive processes that underpin chess mastery is crucial.
  • Research is needed to explore cognitive skill transfer from chess to other domains.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate cognitive differences between chess players and non-chess players.
  • To examine planning, cognitive reflection, inter-temporal choice, and risky choice abilities.
  • To explore potential cognitive advantages linked to chess expertise.

Main Methods:

  • Comparative study design involving 25 chess players and 25 non-chess players.
  • Utilized the Tower of London (TOL) task for planning assessment.
  • Administered the Cognitive Reflection Test (CRT), inter-temporal choice (ITC), and risky choice tasks.

Main Results:

  • Chess players significantly outperformed non-chess players on the TOL and CRT tasks.
  • Chess players exhibited a stronger preference for future rewards in inter-temporal choice tasks.
  • Evidence for differences in risky choice decision-making based on expected value was weak.

Conclusions:

  • Chess expertise is linked to superior planning and cognitive reflection abilities.
  • Chess players demonstrate a greater propensity for delayed gratification.
  • While causality is not established, findings suggest cognitive advantages and areas for future research on skill transfer.