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Author Spotlight: Advancements in Molecular Biomarker Testing for Non-Squamous Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer
Published on: September 8, 2023
Recent advances in therapeutic strategies for non-small cell lung cancer
Po-Lan Su1,2, Naoki Furuya1,3, Alahmadi Asrar1,4
1Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA.
Abstract:
The development of targeted therapy with small-molecule tyrosine kinase inhibitors and immunotherapy with immune checkpoints inhibitors has ushered in the era of precision medicine in treating lung cancer, which remains the leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. Both targeted therapy and immunotherapy have significantly improved the survival of patients with metastatic non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Additionally, recent groundbreaking studies have demonstrated their efficacy in both the perioperative setting and following concurrent chemoradiotherapy in early-stage NSCLC. Despite significant advancements in first-line treatment options, disease progression remains inevitable for most patients with advanced NSCLC, necessitating the exploration and optimization of subsequent therapeutic strategies. Emerging novel agents are expanding treatment options in the first-line setting and beyond. Recently, emerging bispecific antibodies have shown enhanced efficacy. For instance, amivantamab has been approved as a treatment for epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)-mutant NSCLC, including those with EGFR exon 20 insertion mutations. Additionally, antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs), including HER2-targeting trastuzumab deruxtecan, TROP2-targeting ADCs, HER3-targeting patritumab deruxtecan, and MET-targeting telisotuzumab vedotin, have demonstrated promising outcomes in several clinical trials. This review summarizes the recent advancements and challenges associated with the evolving NSCLC therapeutic landscape.
Insights
Precision medicine, including targeted therapy and immunotherapy, has transformed lung cancer treatment. Novel agents like bispecific antibodies and antibody-drug conjugates offer new hope for advanced non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC).
Area of Science:
- Oncology
- Pharmacology
Background:
- Lung cancer remains a leading cause of cancer-related mortality globally.
- Precision medicine, utilizing targeted therapies and immunotherapies, has significantly improved outcomes for metastatic non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC).
- Recent studies highlight the efficacy of these therapies in early-stage NSCLC, including perioperative and post-chemoradiotherapy settings.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review recent advancements in non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) therapeutics.
- To discuss emerging novel agents and their challenges in the evolving NSCLC treatment landscape.
- To summarize the current state of precision medicine in lung cancer management.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of recent clinical trials and studies.
- Analysis of novel therapeutic agents, including bispecific antibodies and antibody-drug conjugates.
- Synthesis of current data on targeted therapy and immunotherapy in NSCLC.
Main Results:
- Targeted therapy and immunotherapy have improved survival in metastatic NSCLC.
- Amivantamab is approved for EGFR-mutant NSCLC, including exon 20 insertion mutations.
- Antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs) targeting HER2, TROP2, HER3, and MET show promising results.
Conclusions:
- Despite progress, disease progression necessitates ongoing exploration of subsequent therapeutic strategies for advanced NSCLC.
- Emerging bispecific antibodies and ADCs represent significant advancements, expanding treatment options.
- Continued research is crucial to optimize and overcome challenges in the NSCLC therapeutic landscape.
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