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Ulcerative colitis is a chronic inflammatory condition primarily affecting the colon and rectum. The primary drugs used in the treatment of ulcerative colitis are aminosalicylates. They exhibit anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive properties. They modulate inflammatory mediators and inhibit the activity of nuclear factor κB (NF-κB). Aminosalicylates also reduce inflammation by inhibiting prostaglandin and leukotriene production and decreasing neutrophil chemotaxis and superoxide...
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Peptic ulcer disease, commonly called PUD, represents a multifaceted condition characterized by disruptions in the lining of the gastrointestinal (GI)  tract. Central to the protection of the gastrointestinal lining is the mucosal-bicarbonate barrier. This physiological defense mechanism is a formidable shield against the corrosive effects of gastric acid and pepsin secretion in the stomach. Its role is pivotal in maintaining the structural integrity of the stomach's inner lining.
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Peptic ulcers, often induced by H. pylori infections or NSAID usage, arise from disruptions in the delicate balance of gastric acid production. Peptic ulcers stem from heightened gastric acid levels due to H. pylori infections or NSAID use. The protective mucus layer diminishes in the presence of these factors, allowing gastric acid to erode the stomach lining and form ulcers.
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Diarrhea-predominant irritable bowel syndrome (IBS-D) is a subtype of IBS characterized primarily by frequent, loose, or watery stools, abdominal pain, and abdominal discomfort. Therapeutic approaches to managing IBS-D include dietary changes, stress management techniques, and pharmaceutical interventions.
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Analyzing Beneficial Effects of Nutritional Supplements on Intestinal Epithelial Barrier Functions During Experimental Colitis
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Ganoderic Acid Ameliorates Ulcerative Colitis by Improving Intestinal Barrier Function via Gut Microbiota Modulation.

Yuwei Ye1, Abudumijiti Abulizi1, Yukun Zhang1

  • 1State Key Laboratory of Vascular Homeostasis and Remodeling, Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China.

International Journal of Molecular Sciences
|March 27, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Ganoderic acid (GA) from Ganoderma lucidum shows promise in treating ulcerative colitis (UC). GA improves gut barrier function and alters gut microbiota, offering a potential therapeutic strategy for UC patients.

Keywords:
ganoderic acidgut microbiotaintestinal barrier functiontight junctionulcerative colitis

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Area of Science:

  • Gastroenterology
  • Pharmacology
  • Microbiology

Background:

  • Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a chronic inflammatory bowel disease with significant global health and economic impact.
  • Current treatments for UC necessitate the development of novel, safe, and effective therapeutic agents.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the preventive and therapeutic potential of ganoderic acid (GA), a key component of Ganoderma lucidum, in a dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced mouse model of UC.

Main Methods:

  • Administration of GA to DSS-induced UC mice to assess its effects on disease activity, colon length, and spleen index.
  • Evaluation of intestinal inflammatory markers and tight junction protein expression (ZO-1, occludin, claudin-1).
  • Co-housing and fecal microbiota transplantation experiments to determine the role of gut microbiota; 16S rDNA sequencing to analyze microbial composition; Caco-2 cell model to assess barrier function with specific metabolites.

Main Results:

  • GA significantly alleviated body weight loss and disease activity index in UC mice.
  • GA treatment restored colon length and spleen index, reduced intestinal inflammation, and upregulated tight junction proteins, enhancing intestinal barrier function.
  • Gut microbiota was identified as crucial for GA's therapeutic effects, with GA enriching beneficial bacteria like Lactobacillus and Oscillospira, and specific metabolites (IAAld, Gln, GSH) reducing barrier damage.

Conclusions:

  • Ganoderic acid demonstrates significant ameliorative effects on ulcerative colitis in a preclinical model.
  • GA's therapeutic action is mediated through the modulation of gut microbiota and the improvement of intestinal barrier integrity.
  • GA represents a potential therapeutic candidate for UC, acting via gut microbiota and associated metabolic pathways.