Optimizing Lung Cancer Diagnostics: Insights from a Fast-Track Program in a Complex Healthcare Setting

Lung cancer remains a leading cause of cancer-related mortality, with diagnostic delays significantly impacting patient outcomes. Despite advancements in diagnostic strategies, inefficiencies persist, particularly in geographically complex regions with limited healthcare resources. The Fast-Track Program was developed to address these challenges in lung cancer diagnostics within the geographically complex and resource-limited Valtellina region. This prospective observational study compared patients managed under the Fast-Track pathway (May-August 2024) with those following standard diagnostic procedures (January-April 2024). The program integrated structured, pre-scheduled diagnostic slots, a rotating Case Manager role, and weekly multidisciplinary team (MDT) discussions to enhance coordination and reduce diagnostic timelines. Results showed a significant reduction in the mean time to definitive diagnosis from 42.9 days (95% CI: 35.6-50.3) in the control group to 25.0 days (95% CI: 20.8-29.3) in the Fast-Track cohort (p < 0.001). Patient adherence to diagnostic pathways improved from 71% to 92% (p < 0.05), while satisfaction scores increased from 64% to 89%, with patients rating their experience as "very good" or "excellent" (p < 0.05). Although the predefined clinical significance criteria were not fully met, the program demonstrated a favorable trend toward improved efficiency and patient-centered care. These findings support the feasibility and scalability of structured diagnostic workflows in streamlining lung cancer diagnostics, with potential implications for broader oncological and chronic disease management in resource-constrained healthcare settings.