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Related Experiment Videos

Continuing measles transmission in students despite school-based outbreak control program.

S G Wassilak, W A Orenstein, P L Strickland

    American Journal of Epidemiology
    |August 1, 1985
    PubMed
    Summary

    A measles outbreak in Pennsylvania highlighted issues with vaccine effectiveness and administration. Some children vaccinated by a specific team experienced vaccine failure, suggesting potential problems with the vaccine or its delivery.

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    Area of Science:

    • Epidemiology
    • Public Health
    • Immunization Practices

    Background:

    • Measles outbreaks can persist despite control measures.
    • Vaccination records may not always reflect true immunity.
    • Childhood vaccination is crucial for disease prevention.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the reasons for a sustained measles outbreak in Warren County, Pennsylvania.
    • To identify factors contributing to measles transmission among vaccinated individuals.
    • To evaluate vaccine effectiveness and administration techniques during an outbreak.

    Main Methods:

    • Conducted a seroprevalence survey to assess vaccination failure rates.
    • Performed a case-control study to identify risk factors for measles.

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  • Analyzed vaccination records and administration methods.

    • Main Results:

    • A specific jet-injector team (Team A) showed a significantly higher rate of measles vaccine failure (37.0%) compared to other teams (5.9%).
    • Individuals with measles were nine times more likely to have unverifiable immunization records or have been vaccinated at 12 months of age.
    • The outbreak was sustained due to potential vaccine issues, inadequate vaccination histories, and early vaccination age.

    Conclusions:

    • Improper vaccine administration or vaccine potency issues by one team likely contributed to the outbreak.
    • Early age vaccination (12 months) and unverified vaccination histories were associated with increased measles risk.
    • The study found no evidence that measles transmission can be sustained in the 2-10% expected to remain susceptible after a single vaccination.