Association of NOS3 (rs1799983) and DDAH2 (rs805305) Gene Polymorphisms With Coronary Artery Disease in the Northern...

Nitric oxide synthase (NOS3) and dimethylarginine dimethylaminohydrolase 2 (DDAH2) polymorphisms are associated with reduced nitric oxide (NO) synthesis and endothelial dysfunction, increasing the risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD). This study aimed to analyze the single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) of the NOS3 and DDAH2 genes and to identify their association with the risk of coronary artery disease (CAD).

NOS3 (rs1799983) and DDAH2 (rs805305) single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were analyzed in 148 ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) patients and 75 healthy subjects (control) using polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP). Results were analyzed using descriptive statistics and summarized as mean ± standard deviation. Chi-square was used to determine the association between variables of interest.

The G894T NOS3 SNP was significantly linked to STEMI risk (p=0.003), with the TT genotype (20.3%) and T allele (39.5%) more frequent in cases than controls. The TT genotype was strongly associated with increased STEMI risk (OR=4.33 (95% CI: 1.57-12.04), p < 0.0001). For the DDAH2 SNP, the GG genotype was more common in cases (30.4%) than in controls (20.0%), while the CC genotype was less frequent in cases (16.9%) compared to controls (28.0%) (p=0.026, OR=0.40 (95% CI: 0.17-0.90)).

These findings link the G894T NOS3 polymorphism to heightened STEMI risk, particularly in patients with diabetes, and highlight the association of DDAH2 SNPs with CAD, emphasizing the prevalence of GG genotypes in STEMI cases.