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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 20, 2025

An Alternative to the Traditional Cold Pressor Test: The Cold Pressor Arm Wrap
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Peripheral vasoconstriction is not elevated during hyperreactive responses to the cold pressor test: a

Jon Stavres1, Anabelle Vallecillo-Bustos1, Sarah Parnell1

  • 1School of Kinesiology and Nutrition, The University of Southern Mississippi, Hattiesburg, MS, United States.

Frontiers in Physiology
|March 27, 2025
PubMed
Summary

Individuals with exaggerated blood pressure responses to the cold pressor test (CPT) do not show increased vasoconstriction. Handgrip exercise can lessen these hyperreactive blood pressure responses during CPT.

Keywords:
blood flowcold stresshandgripsympatheticvascular conductance

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Area of Science:

  • Cardiovascular Physiology
  • Exercise Physiology
  • Autonomic Nervous System Function

Background:

  • Cold pressor test (CPT) elicits exaggerated blood pressure increases in some individuals, termed hyperreactors.
  • The role of peripheral vasoconstriction in CPT-induced hyperreactivity is not well understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate if peripheral vasoconstriction is exaggerated in hyperreactors during the CPT.
  • To examine the combined effects of CPT and handgrip exercise (HG) on cardiovascular responses in hyperreactors and normoreactors.

Main Methods:

  • Fifty-five participants underwent CPT, HG exercise, and a combined CPT + HG trial.
  • Continuous monitoring of heart rate, blood pressure, and forearm blood flow to calculate vascular conductance.
  • Comparison of responses between hyperreactors and normoreactors.

Main Results:

  • Hyperreactors showed exaggerated blood pressure and rate pressure product increases during CPT compared to normoreactors.
  • No significant differences in forearm blood flow or vascular conductance changes were found between groups during CPT.
  • Combined CPT + HG attenuated blood pressure increases in hyperreactors, unlike normoreactors, and also blunted vascular conductance responses.

Conclusions:

  • Exaggerated blood pressure responses to CPT in hyperreactors are not linked to increased peripheral vasoconstriction.
  • Handgrip exercise can attenuate the hyperreactive blood pressure response to the cold pressor test.