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Author Spotlight: Quantifying Pain Experience – An Illustrative Approach Using the Pain Body Diagram

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Social pain: A systematic review on interventions.

Brandon M Brooks¹, Francisco J Cordero², Stephen L Alchermes¹

¹Surgery, Columbia VA Health Care System, Columbia, SC, USA.

|March 27, 2025

Summary

This review identifies interventions to reduce social pain, which is emotional distress from social exclusion. Acetaminophen, placebos, mindfulness, and psilocybin were effective, with acetaminophen combined with forgiveness showing the best results.

Keywords:

emotional distress pain rejection social pain

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Area of Science:

Psychology
Neuroscience
Pain Management

Background:

Social pain, or emotional distress from social exclusion, potentiates physical pain.
Supportive social relationships are crucial for health and well-being.
The Passion of Jesus Christ exemplifies social pain amplifying physical suffering.

Purpose of the Study:

To systematically review interventions for reducing social pain.
To identify both pharmacological and non-pharmacological methods.
To explore the relationship between social and physical pain pathways.

Main Methods:

Systematic review of randomized controlled trials (RCTs).
Searches conducted in Medline (PubMed), Google Scholar, and Cochrane CENTRAL.
Inclusion of 14 RCTs from 548 initial articles.

Main Results:

Acetaminophen, deceptive and open-label placebos, mindfulness training, and psilocybin reduced social pain.
A combination of acetaminophen and forgiveness demonstrated superior efficacy.
Pharmacological interventions target shared neural pathways for physical and social pain.

Conclusions:

Multiple interventions effectively reduce social pain.
Combined pharmacological and psychological approaches may offer optimal outcomes.
Understanding the neurobiology of social pain informs treatment strategies.