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Updated: May 20, 2025
Ultrasound-Guided Orthotopic Implantation of Murine Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma
Published on: November 19, 2019
Characterization of the Pancreatic Neuroendocrine Neoplasm Immune Microenvironment
Filipe Reis Neves1, Ana Luís Martins1, Rui Caetano Oliveira2
1Instituto Português de Oncologia de Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal.
Introduction:
A tumor is composed of more than tumoral cells. In recent years, there has been an increase in interest and knowledge of the tumor microenvironment (TME).
Methods:
The TME is an integral part of the tumor, composed of several cells: immune, stromal, and endothelial, among others, thus offering a wide range of tumor interactions and multiple possibilities for targeted therapies and environment modulation. While the TME in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma is widely studied, it is not very true for the TME of pancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasms (PNENs).
Discussion And Conclusion:
The incidence of PNENs is increasing and, therefore, it is important to comprehend their biology for the evolution of efficient therapies since many of the PNENs develop metastasis, including the G1 PNENs. This paper focuses on a review of the role of the TME in PNENs.
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