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Related Concept Videos

Design Example: Flow of Oil Through Circular Pipes01:25

Design Example: Flow of Oil Through Circular Pipes

97
Understanding fluid flow behavior through pipes is critical in fluid mechanics, especially in applications like oil transportation through pipelines. Hagen-Poiseuille's law provides an exact solution derived from the Navier-Stokes equations for steady, incompressible, and laminar flow within a circular pipe. Hagen-Poiseuille's law helps determine the necessary pressure drop across a pipeline section by determining parameters like pipe length, radius, oil viscosity, and the desired...
97
Steady, Laminar Flow in Circular Tubes01:23

Steady, Laminar Flow in Circular Tubes

128
Hagen-Poiseuille flow describes a viscous fluid's steady, incompressible flow through a cylindrical tube with a constant radius R. This flow profile is often applied to understand fluid transport in narrow channels, such as capillaries. It serves as a foundational example of laminar flow. In this model, cylindrical coordinates (r,θ,z) are used to describe the radial (r), angular (θ), and axial (z) dimensions within the tube. For Hagen-Poiseuille flow, the velocity profile is...
128
Steady, Laminar Flow Between Parallel Plates01:17

Steady, Laminar Flow Between Parallel Plates

111
Understanding steady, laminar flow between parallel plates is essential for analyzing and designing flow in narrow rectangular channels, commonly found in various water conveyance and drainage systems. The Navier-Stokes equations govern fluid motion and are generally challenging to solve due to their nonlinearity. However, simplifications are possible in certain cases, like the steady laminar flow between parallel plates. For this scenario, we assume steady, incompressible, laminar flow.
111
Laminar Flow: Problem Solving01:24

Laminar Flow: Problem Solving

94
Laminar flow occurs when a fluid moves smoothly in parallel layers with minimal mixing and turbulence. In fluid mechanics, ensuring laminar flow within a pipe is essential for precise control of flow characteristics, especially in engineering applications. The key factor in determining whether flow remains laminar is the Reynolds number, a dimensionless quantity that depends on the fluid's velocity, density, viscosity, and the pipe's diameter. A Reynolds number of 2100 or lower...
94
Virtual Work for a System of Connected Rigid Bodies01:06

Virtual Work for a System of Connected Rigid Bodies

356
Virtual work is a powerful method used to solve problems involving several connected rigid bodies. When the system is in equilibrium, virtual work is zero. This allows the calculation of the resulting forces when a system undergoes a virtual displacement. When attempting to analyze such a system, first, use a free-body diagram, where an independent coordinate represents the configuration of the links, and mark its deflected position resulting from the positive virtual displacement.
Next,...
356
Steady Flow of a Fluid Stream01:27

Steady Flow of a Fluid Stream

227
Consider a control volume, such as a pipe with solid boundaries, through which fluid flows and changes direction due to the impulse exerted by the resulting force from the pipe walls. In steady flow, the mass of fluid entering the control volume at a given time, t, with velocity v1, is equal to the mass leaving after infinitesimal time dt, with velocity v2.
During this process, the momentum of the fluid within the control volume remains constant over the time interval dt. By applying the...
227

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 20, 2025

Design and Fabrication of an Elastomeric Unit for Soft Modular Robots in Minimally Invasive Surgery
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A Hollow Shell-Lattice Soft Robot in Flexible Pipelines with Flowing Fluids.

Di Guo1, Yiqiang Wang1, Zhan Kang1

  • 1State Key Laboratory of Structural Analysis, Optimization and CAE Software for Industrial Equipment, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024, China.

Advanced Science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany)
|March 27, 2025
PubMed
Summary

A novel hollow soft robot navigates pipes with fluid flow, ensuring operational continuity. This earthworm-like robot performs inspection and maintenance tasks without obstructing pipelines.

Keywords:
flowing fluidshollow bodylattice shellspipeline inspectionsoft robots

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Area of Science:

  • Robotics
  • Mechanical Engineering
  • Materials Science

Background:

  • Existing pipeline robots obstruct fluid flow, hindering system operation.
  • Need for non-disruptive robots for inspection and maintenance in operational pipelines.

Purpose of the Study:

  • Design an innovative soft robot for pipe crawling with unimpeded fluid flow.
  • Develop a robot capable of inspection and maintenance tasks in diverse pipe conditions.

Main Methods:

  • Designed a hollow shell-lattice soft robot with a central pneumatic actuator.
  • Implemented earthworm-like locomotion via radial deformations of lattice shells.
  • Utilized surface-to-surface contact for enhanced load-carrying capacity.

Main Results:

  • The robot crawls in pipes with fluid flow, maintaining unimpeded passage.
  • Achieved earthworm-like locomotion adaptable to various pipe types (friction, shape, curvature).
  • Demonstrated capability for untethered operation and transport of inspection devices.

Conclusions:

  • The hollow soft robot offers a non-disruptive solution for pipeline inspection and maintenance.
  • Potential applications in healthcare, aviation, and oil/gas transportation.
  • Future work may enhance scalability and applicability through advanced materials and fabrication.