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Biological topicals in ocular surface disorders.

Sridevi Nair1, Murugesan Vanathi, Radhika Tandon

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Summary

Topical biological agents like serum eye drops and platelet derivatives offer regenerative healing for ocular surface diseases. These advanced therapies promote tissue repair and reduce inflammation, improving patient outcomes.

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Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Regenerative Medicine
  • Biologics

Background:

  • Ocular surface diseases require advanced treatments beyond conventional therapies.
  • Topical biological agents offer a regenerative and therapeutic approach.
  • These agents are derived from serum, platelets, amniotic membrane, and intravenous immunoglobulin.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the applications and benefits of topical biological agents in treating ocular surface diseases.
  • To highlight the regenerative and anti-inflammatory properties of these agents.
  • To discuss current challenges and future directions in the field.

Main Methods:

  • Review of literature on topical biological agents for ocular surface diseases.
  • Analysis of the composition and mechanisms of action of agents like autologous serum eye drops, platelet-rich plasma (PRP), platelet lysate (PL), amniotic membrane extracts, and topical intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG).
  • Discussion of clinical applications, challenges, and future prospects.

Main Results:

  • Autologous serum eye drops promote healing for dry eye disease, neurotrophic keratopathy, and epithelial defects.
  • Platelet derivatives (PRP, PL) accelerate wound healing and nerve regeneration.
  • Amniotic membrane products and topical IVIG offer anti-inflammatory and immune-modulating benefits for various ocular conditions.

Conclusions:

  • Topical biological agents are effective in promoting corneal regeneration and reducing inflammation in ocular surface diseases.
  • Challenges include preparation variability, storage, and cost, but future recombinant and personalized therapies show promise.
  • These agents are becoming integral to managing ocular surface disorders, improving outcomes and reducing reliance on traditional treatments.