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Developing a Systematic Approach for the Implementation of Medical Extended Reality Learning Modules in
Edris A F Mahtab1, Samuel A Max1, Jerry Braun2
1Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, the Netherlands; Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Erasmus University Medical Centre, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.
JACC. Advances
|March 27, 2025
Summary
This study provides a systematic guide for developing extended reality (XR) tools in healthcare, detailing technical steps and business case generation for successful implementation and market viability.
Area of Science:
- Healthcare Technology Innovation
- Extended Reality (XR) Applications
- Business Development in Medicine
Background:
- Extended reality (XR) is rapidly advancing in healthcare, yet lacks standardized development processes and business case guidance.
- A structured approach is needed to navigate the complexities of creating and implementing XR tools in clinical settings.
- Existing frameworks for entrepreneurship and business development offer a foundation for XR tool creation.
Purpose of the Study:
- To formulate a systematic approach for the technical development and business case generation of XR healthcare tools.
- To provide guidance for the iterative development and successful market entry of XR healthcare solutions.
- To illustrate the process using a real-world example of an XR tool for cardiopulmonary resuscitation training.
Main Methods:
- Convened an international expert group to develop recommendations.
- Utilized entrepreneurship and business-case development frameworks, including the Business Model Canvas.
- Applied Technical Readiness Level (TRL) and Investment Readiness Level (IRL) models to assess feasibility and viability.
Main Results:
- A 4-aspect developmental process was defined: Desirability, Feasibility, Viability, and Scalability.
- The Business Model Canvas was used to capture market demand, value proposition, stakeholders, and profitability.
- TRL and IRL models provided metrics for technical feasibility, business viability, and scalability.
Conclusions:
- A systematic approach and best-practice recommendations are provided for XR tool development in healthcare.
- Healthcare professionals, financers, and policymakers should consider this structured methodology before initiating XR ventures.
- This framework aims to de-risk and optimize the development and implementation of innovative XR healthcare solutions.
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