Interweaved Nanofiber Anode Coating Based on Covalent Organic Frameworks for High-Performance Lithium-Metal Batteries

High-rate lithium-metal batteries call for unique interfacial structures of anode with interfacial compatibility, facilitated lithium insertion/extraction and dendrite suppression properties to meet the growing high-rate demand. Here, we develop an interweaved porous coating based on a kind of covalent organic framework (ODH─Cu₃─COF) based helical nanofibers through the assembly of non-linear oxalyldihydrazide unit and rigid Cu₃ unit. The interweaved helical nanofibers network with well-arranged polar groups (i.e., C═N, ─CO─NH─, and pyrazole groups) could serve as nuclei sites to achieve fast Li⁺ insertion/extraction and dendrite suppression in high-rate conditions. Benefiting from the advantages of interface design, the resultant ODH─Cu₃─COF modified anode improves the Coulombic efficiency (97.5%, 120 cycles at 5 mA cm^-2) and showcases a stable lifespan (1000 h at 2 mA cm^-2 and 2 mAh cm^-2) in symmetric cell. Moreover, the high-rate property of ODH─Cu₃─COF@Li||LFP full cell presents an excellent cycling stability (900 cycles at 5 C) in commercial carbonate electrolyte. Theoretical calculations reveal that lithiophilic ODH─Cu₃─COF has high Li affinity to reduce the nucleation barrier and achieve fast desolvation process in an interface to promote the lifespan of high-rate lithium-metal batteries.