Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

Modified-Release Drug Delivery Systems: Rate-Programmed II

Modified-Release Drug Delivery Systems: Rate-Programmed II

Rate-programmed drug delivery systems release drugs in a controlled manner to maintain therapeutic levels. Three main designs include reservoir, matrix, and hybrid systems.Reservoir systems consist of a drug core enclosed within a membrane that controls drug release. In non-swelling reservoir systems, polymers like ethyl cellulose or polymethacrylates are used. These do not hydrate in aqueous media and control release through membrane thickness, porosity, or insolubility. This type includes...

Modified-Release Drug Delivery Systems: Rate-Programmed I

Modified-Release Drug Delivery Systems: Rate-Programmed I

Rate-programmed drug delivery systems (DDS) are designed to release drugs at specific, controlled rates to maintain consistent therapeutic levels. These systems are categorized based on their release mechanisms, including dissolution-controlled DDS, diffusion-controlled DDS, and combined dissolution-diffusion-controlled DDS.In dissolution-controlled DDS, the release rate depends on the slow dissolution of the drug itself or the surrounding matrix. Drugs with inherently slow dissolution rates,...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

Tailoring crystallization kinetics for scalable and efficient large-area perovskite light-emitting diodes.

Science advances·2026

Same author

Grand Challenges in Cross Reality.

IEEE transactions on visualization and computer graphics·2026

Same author

Multicentre Retrospective and Prospective Analysis of Data on Emicizumab and Factor VIII Prophylaxis in Children With Severe Haemophilia A: Egypt-Compare Study.

Haemophilia : the official journal of the World Federation of Hemophilia·2026

Same author

Real-world use of thrombopoietic agents in treatment-naïve children with severe aplastic anemia: a multicenter retrospective study.

Scientific reports·2026

Same author

Emicizumab prophylaxis beyond clinical trials: a multicenter, prospective real-world study of pediatric hemophilia patients with and without inhibitors.

European journal of pediatrics·2026

Same author

Evaluating Cutout Rendering Techniques for Pass-Through Embodiment Using a Real-Mirror Metaphor.

IEEE transactions on visualization and computer graphics·2026

Same journal

Correction: A method for supervoxel-wise association studies of age and other non-imaging variables from coronary computed tomography angiograms.

Scientific reports·2026

Same journal

Poly(bromophenol blue)/CoSn(OH)<sub>6</sub> cubic particles modified pencil graphite electrode for electrochemical determination of diphenhydramine.

Scientific reports·2026

Same journal

Dietary Chlorella, Spirulina, and acidifier modulate jejunal cytokine-related gene expression in broiler chickens.

Scientific reports·2026

Same journal

Perceived physical activity barriers in university students: associations with fatigue and eating behaviours.

Scientific reports·2026

Same journal

Refuge limitation structures habitat use in agricultural landscapes: evidence from Sunda pangolins.

Scientific reports·2026

Same journal

Lightweight stateless transaction verification with outsourced witness updates for UTXO blockchains.

Scientific reports·2026

See all related articles

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 10, 2026

Alternating Magnetic Field-Responsive Hybrid Gelatin Microgels for Controlled Drug Release

Alternating Magnetic Field-Responsive Hybrid Gelatin Microgels for Controlled Drug Release

Published on: February 13, 2016

Randomized-field microwave-assisted pharmaceutical lyophilization with closed-loop control.

Alina A Alexeenko^1,2,3, Ahmad Darwish^4,5, Drew Strongrich^6,4

¹School of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA. alexeenk@purdue.edu.

Scientific Reports

|March 28, 2025

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

A new microwave lyophilization system significantly speeds up biopharmaceutical drying. This advanced method uses tunable randomized fields for uniform heating, overcoming limitations of traditional freeze-drying and improving efficiency.

More Related Videos

Production of Near-Infrared Sensitive, Core-Shell Vaccine Delivery Platform

Production of Near-Infrared Sensitive, Core-Shell Vaccine Delivery Platform

Published on: October 20, 2020

Microfluidic Production of Lysolipid-Containing Temperature-Sensitive Liposomes

Microfluidic Production of Lysolipid-Containing Temperature-Sensitive Liposomes

Published on: March 3, 2020

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 10, 2026

Alternating Magnetic Field-Responsive Hybrid Gelatin Microgels for Controlled Drug Release

Alternating Magnetic Field-Responsive Hybrid Gelatin Microgels for Controlled Drug Release

Published on: February 13, 2016

Production of Near-Infrared Sensitive, Core-Shell Vaccine Delivery Platform

Production of Near-Infrared Sensitive, Core-Shell Vaccine Delivery Platform

Published on: October 20, 2020

Microfluidic Production of Lysolipid-Containing Temperature-Sensitive Liposomes

Microfluidic Production of Lysolipid-Containing Temperature-Sensitive Liposomes

Published on: March 3, 2020

Area of Science:

Biotechnology
Chemical Engineering
Materials Science

Background:

Conventional lyophilization is energy-intensive and slow due to indirect heat transfer.
Inefficient heat transfer causes non-uniform freezing and drying, especially in large-scale biopharmaceutical production.
Current methods limit throughput for vaccines and biologics.

Purpose of the Study:

To develop a next-generation tunable randomized-field microwave lyophilization system.
To demonstrate significant acceleration of freeze-drying processes.
To address throughput limitations of conventional lyophilization.

Main Methods:

Utilized a microwave source (8-18 GHz, <400 W) with mechanical stirrers for field randomization.
Employed optical sensors for direct, real-time temperature measurement.
Implemented closed-loop control algorithms for optimal product temperature regulation.

Main Results:

Demonstrated significant acceleration of drying times compared to conventional lyophilization.
Achieved uniform heating through randomized microwave fields.
Validated a model for product temperature and primary drying time.

Conclusions:

The tunable randomized-field microwave lyophilization system offers a faster, more efficient alternative to traditional methods.
This technology has the potential to revolutionize biopharmaceutical and vaccine production.
Optimized drying rates ensure product integrity and quality.