A Comprehensive Overview of Antibacterial Agents for Combating Multidrug-Resistant Bacteria: The Current Landscape,...

Area of Science:

• Infectious Diseases
• Microbiology
• Pharmacology

Background:

• Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a critical public health issue, with the World Health Organization identifying priority pathogens.
• Multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacteria present significant treatment challenges globally.

Purpose of the Study:

• To systematically review antibacterial resistance in key bacterial pathogens.
• To evaluate current treatment options and novel complementary strategies for MDR bacterial infections.

Main Methods:

• Systematic literature review of antibacterial resistance.
• Analysis of current and emerging therapeutic strategies for Gram-negative and Gram-positive MDR bacteria.
• Exploration of non-antibiotic approaches and challenges in antimicrobial development.

Main Results:

• Current treatments for carbapenem-resistant Gram-negative bacteria include combination therapies, cefiderocol, polymixins, and tigecycline.
• Gram-positive infections are treated with vancomycin, daptomycin, and linezolid.
• Numerous non-antibiotic strategies are in development, but face scientific, policy, and economic hurdles.

Conclusions:

• There is an urgent need for accelerated development of new antimicrobial strategies.
• A multidisciplinary approach involving research, healthcare, and regulatory bodies is essential.
• Effective management requires rational antibiotic use, infection control, and surveillance.