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Cancers
|March 28, 2025
PubMed
Summary

Basal cell carcinoma (BCC) is a common skin cancer. This review covers emerging treatments for advanced BCC (laBCC) and metastatic BCC (mBCC), including immunotherapy and chemotherapy, addressing treatment resistance.

Keywords:
Hedgehog pathway inhibitorsbasal cell carcinomachemotherapyimmunotherapymetastasis

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Area of Science:

  • Dermatology
  • Oncology

Background:

  • Basal cell carcinoma (BCC) is the most common skin cancer, with varied subtypes.
  • While most BCCs are treatable with local therapies, locally advanced (laBCC) and metastatic (mBCC) forms present significant challenges.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review current understanding of BCC subtypes and risk stratification.
  • To explore emerging treatments for laBCC and mBCC, focusing on immunotherapy and chemotherapy.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review synthesizing current research on BCC.
  • Analysis of treatment strategies including surgery, local therapies, hedgehog inhibitors (HHIs), immunotherapy, and chemotherapy.
  • Focus on therapeutic challenges in laBCC and mBCC.

Main Results:

  • Recent advances in HHIs and immunotherapy have improved outcomes for advanced BCC.
  • Chemotherapy, including platinum-based agents, has limited efficacy but remains an option.
  • Resistance and intolerance to current treatments necessitate alternative approaches.

Conclusions:

  • Further immunotherapy and combination therapies (immunotherapy with targeted therapy) are promising.
  • Effective management of laBCC and mBCC requires a comprehensive understanding of emerging treatment options.
  • Risk stratification and subtype characterization are crucial for personalized treatment of BCC.