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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 26, 2026

Examining Bilingual Language Control Using the Stroop Task
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Choosing One's Words: Conversational Indirectness and Humor Style in Two Distinct Cultural Groups.

Tanisha Y Berrios1, Dun-Ya Hu1, Jyotsna Vaid1

  • 1Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843-4235, USA.

Behavioral Sciences (Basel, Switzerland)
|March 28, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Cultural differences impact humor styles and conversational indirectness. English speakers use more affiliative humor and show varied indirectness, unlike Korean speakers, revealing distinct communication patterns.

Keywords:
EnglishKoreanaggressive humorconversational indirectnesscultural differenceshumor stylesself-defeating humor

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Area of Science:

  • Cross-cultural psychology
  • Linguistic pragmatics
  • Communication studies

Background:

  • Conversational indirectness and humor styles are key aspects of pragmatic competence.
  • Cultural norms significantly influence communication strategies, including humor and indirectness.
  • Understanding these differences is crucial for effective intercultural communication.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate cultural variations in the interplay between conversational indirectness and humor styles.
  • To compare English first language (L1) users with Korean L1 users in the US on these communication dimensions.
  • To identify specific correlations between indirectness in production/interpretation and various humor styles across cultures.

Main Methods:

  • Comparative study design involving two distinct linguistic groups: English L1 (n=56) and Korean L1 (n=32) students in the US.
  • Utilized the Conversational Indirectness Scale and the Humor Styles Questionnaire for data collection.
  • Statistical analysis to compare group differences and identify correlations between variables.

Main Results:

  • No significant overall group differences in conversational indirectness were found.
  • English L1 speakers exhibited higher indirectness in interpretation than production, with a positive correlation between the two; Korean L1 speakers did not show this association.
  • English L1 speakers scored higher on affiliative and self-enhancing humor, with positive correlations between these and self-defeating humor. Both groups reported low use of self-defeating and aggressive humor, though Korean speakers showed a correlation between these two.
  • A positive correlation between indirectness in production and aggressive humor was observed in both groups. English L1 speakers also showed a positive correlation between self-defeating humor and indirectness in both production and interpretation.

Conclusions:

  • Cultural background significantly shapes the relationship between conversational indirectness and humor styles.
  • While both groups avoid aggressive humor, its use correlates with indirect production in both English and Korean L1 speakers.
  • The findings highlight distinct cultural patterns in pragmatic communication, particularly the nuanced connection between indirect language use and specific humor orientations.