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Orthodontic Forces Interrupt Root Formation in Immature Teeth: Myth or Fact? A Pilot Study.

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Summary

Rapid maxillary expansion (RME) and orthodontic treatment promote normal root development in developing teeth. Post-treatment root dimensions in these teeth were comparable to those with fully formed roots.

Keywords:
Maxillary expansiondeveloping teethorthodontic treatmentroot formation

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Area of Science:

  • Orthodontics
  • Pediatric Dentistry
  • Dental Imaging

Background:

  • Root development is crucial for orthodontic treatment success.
  • Assessing root development during orthodontic interventions is essential for predicting outcomes.
  • Rapid maxillary expansion (RME) is a common orthodontic procedure in growing patients.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the impact of RME and fixed appliance orthodontic treatment on the developing roots of anchor teeth.
  • To compare root development in treated patients with incompletely formed roots to untreated controls with completely formed roots.

Main Methods:

  • Cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) scans were used to analyze root dimensions.
  • 19 patients undergoing RME and orthodontic treatment were compared with 15 untreated controls.
  • Linear and volumetric measurements of tooth roots were obtained and analyzed.

Main Results:

  • Premolars in the treated group showed significant increases in root length and volume.
  • Molar roots in the treated group exhibited significant decreases in length.
  • No significant differences in post-treatment root dimensions were observed between treated and control groups.

Conclusions:

  • Orthodontic treatment with RME leads to normal root length in developing teeth.
  • Developing roots achieve dimensions comparable to fully formed roots after treatment.
  • This suggests that RME and orthodontic treatment do not negatively impact overall root development.