Toxicity Profiling of a Polyherbal formulation for hepatic health: acute and subacute evaluation

All-natural products must be examined for any potential risks before being placed on the market. In this work, a polyherbal formulation with hepatoprotective properties was evaluated for acute, subacute, and subchronic toxicity. To examine the polyherbal syrup's toxicological profile in Wistar Albino rats. In compliance with OECD recommendations 423 and 407, acute and repeated dosage toxicity tests were carried out. A single oral dose of 2000 mg/kg was used to assess acute toxicity in vivo for 14 days, and repeated doses of 50, 100, and 200 mg/kg were applied for 28 days to examine sub-acute toxicity. According to the results of an acute toxicity investigation, rats given up to 2000 mg/kg did not exhibit any toxic symptoms, behavioral abnormalities, or death. Consequently, the oral hazardous dose's LD50 needs to be more than 2000 mg/mL. The safety of PHF was further validated by sub-acute toxicity experiments, which revealed no biochemical, haematological, or histological differences between rats administered with 50, 100, or 200 mg/kg and the control group (P < 0.05). The investigation reached its conclusion that histopathological examinations show no substantial weight changes and normal architectural changes in vital organs such the heart, brain, kidneys, liver, lungs, and spleen, indicating that the PHS is not linked to major organ degenerative potential. There were no discernible changes in the groups treated with polyherbal syrup in terms of AST or ALT, two markers of hepatocellular injury. Lipid markers such total cholesterol, HDL, LDL, VLDL, and TGL did not show any appreciable alterations.