Comparative Analysis of Application of Fluoride Bioactive Glass and Sodium Fluoride Toothpastes for Remineralization...

This study aimed to compare the remineralization effect of a fluoride bioactive glass (FBG) toothpaste with different concentrations of sodium fluoride toothpaste based on the surface microhardness (SMH) in artificial enamel carious lesions of primary teeth.

Fifty sound primary incisors were allocated into five groups (n = 10): Group DI (deionized water); Group FBG (Biomin® F); Group 500 ppmF (Jordan®); Group 1000 ppmF (Kodomo®); and Group 1500 ppmF (Systema®). The teeth were fixed in self-cure acrylic resin blocks, and artificial carious lesions were created by immersing them in a demineralizing solution (D1) for 4 days. The specimens underwent 7-day pH-cycling and were treated with the provided toothpaste twice daily. The SMH was examined at baseline, after artificial caries induction, and after pH-cycling. The data were calculated as the percentage SMH recovery (%SMHR). One-way ANOVA, post hoc tests (Tukey HSD or Games-Howell tests), and regression analysis were used to analyze the results with a significance level of 0.05.

The %SMHR of the four groups (different toothpastes) was significantly higher than that of the control group, with all toothpaste groups showing a positive effect on %SMHR (P value < 0.001). The highest %SMHR was observed for 1500 ppmF and FBG, with no significant difference (P value = 0.984). Both had the most significant positive effects on %SMHR, with β coefficients of 1.076 and 1.002, respectively.

The remineralization effect of the FBG toothpaste was comparable to that of 1500 ppmF toothpaste and had a greater efficacy than those of 500 and 1000 ppmF based on SMH testing on enamel carious lesions in primary teeth. It offers an effective alternative option for toothpaste with a lower risk of systemic fluoride toxicity, offering a safer, effective option for caries prevention in children.