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Diterpenoid Phytoalexins Shape Rice Root Microbiomes and Their Associations With Root Parasitic Nematodes.

Enoch Narh Kudjordjie1, Willem Desmedt2,3, Tina Kyndt4

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|March 28, 2025
PubMed
Summary

Rice diterpenoid phytoalexins (DPs) shape root microbiomes and influence interactions with the nematode Meloidogyne graminicola. This highlights DPs

Keywords:
Meloidogyne graminicoladiterpenoid mutationrhizosphere/root microbiomerice mutantsroot‐knot nematodessecondary metabolites

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Area of Science:

  • Plant biology
  • Microbiology
  • Agronomy

Background:

  • Diterpenoid phytoalexins (DPs) in rice confer defense against pathogens and nematodes.
  • The role of DPs in structuring rice root microbiomes and their interactions with nematodes remains underexplored.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the function of DPs in shaping rice-associated root microbiomes.
  • To assess the impact of DPs on interactions between root microbiomes and the nematode Meloidogyne graminicola.
  • To explore the potential of DPs for sustainable crop disease management.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized 16S and ITS2 rRNA gene amplicon sequencing to analyze root and rhizosphere microbiomes.
  • Compared DP knock-out rice mutants with their wild-type parental line in field conditions.
  • Examined microbial communities at early (17 days) and late (28 days) plant development stages.

Main Results:

  • Disruption of DP synthesis led to significant alterations in microbial community composition and structure.
  • DP-microbe interactions exhibited specificity, with distinct changes observed between different mutants.
  • Abundance of nematode-suppressive taxa (e.g., Streptomyces, Stenotrophomonas, Enterobacter) negatively correlated with Meloidogyne abundance.
  • DPs were found to modulate specific microbial taxa within the rice root microbiome.

Conclusions:

  • DPs play a crucial role in the assembly of plant-associated root microbiomes.
  • DPs influence interactions between the rice root microbiome and plant-parasitic nematodes.
  • Phytoalexins offer a promising avenue for the sustainable management of agricultural pests and diseases.