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Reconfigurable Self-Phase Modulation Enabled by Cascaded Nonlinear Backaction in Integrated Photonics.

Chaohan Cui^1,2, Liang Zhang^1,3, Linran Fan^1,3

¹The University of Arizona, James C. Wyant College of Optical Sciences, Tucson, Arizona 85721, USA.

Physical Review Letters

|March 28, 2025

Summary

Researchers demonstrate reconfigurable self-phase modulation in an integrated photonic cavity, tuning its coefficient to control light behavior and chiral symmetry breaking. This breakthrough offers new possibilities for photonic technologies.

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Area of Science:

Photonics
Nonlinear Optics
Quantum Optics

Background:

Self-phase modulation (SPM) is fundamental to many optical systems, enabling technologies like soliton generation and ultrafast pulse compression.
Traditionally, the SPM coefficient is a fixed material property, limiting its tunability and application scope.

Purpose of the Study:

To demonstrate reconfigurable self-phase modulation (SPM) in an integrated photonic system.
To overcome the limitation of fixed SPM coefficients in optical materials and structures.
To explore the control of spontaneous chiral symmetry breaking using reconfigurable SPM.

Main Methods:

Utilized an integrated photonic cavity to achieve reconfigurable SPM.
Introduced engineered backaction from a reservoir photonic resonance.
Employed cascaded second-order nonlinear coupling to modify the SPM coefficient.

Main Results:

Successfully tuned the SPM coefficient from -2.7 to +4.7 of its intrinsic value.
Observed anomalous self-phase modulation with negative SPM coefficients, leading to higher frequency shifts in photonic resonances.
Demonstrated control over spontaneous chiral symmetry breaking in an integrated photonic ring cavity.

Conclusions:

Achieved unprecedented reconfigurability of the self-phase modulation coefficient in an integrated photonic system.
The engineered backaction mechanism provides a novel method for controlling nonlinear optical phenomena.
This work opens avenues for advanced photonic devices with tunable nonlinear responses and controlled symmetry breaking.