Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

Propagation of Uncertainty from Random Error

Propagation of Uncertainty from Random Error

An experiment often consists of more than a single step. In this case, measurements at each step give rise to uncertainty. Because the measurements occur in successive steps, the uncertainty in one step necessarily contributes to that in the subsequent step. As we perform statistical analysis on these types of experiments, we must learn to account for the propagation of uncertainty from one step to the next. The propagation of uncertainty depends on the type of arithmetic operation performed on...

Propagation of Uncertainty from Systematic Error

Propagation of Uncertainty from Systematic Error

The atomic mass of an element varies due to the relative ratio of its isotopes. A sample's relative proportion of oxygen isotopes influences its average atomic mass. For instance, if we were to measure the atomic mass of oxygen from a sample, the mass would be a weighted average of the isotopic masses of oxygen in that sample. Since a single sample is not likely to perfectly reflect the true atomic mass of oxygen for all the molecules of oxygen on Earth, the mass we obtain from this...

Types of Errors: Detection and Minimization

Types of Errors: Detection and Minimization

Error is the deviation of the obtained result from the true, expected value or the estimated central value. Errors are expressed in absolute or relative terms.
Absolute error in a measurement is the numerical difference from the true or central value. Relative error is the ratio between absolute error and the true or central value, expressed as a percentage.
Errors can be classified by source, magnitude, and sign. There are three types of errors: systematic, random, and gross.
Systematic or...

NMR Spectrometers: Resolution and Error Correction

NMR Spectrometers: Resolution and Error Correction

When magnetic nuclei in a sample achieve resonance and undergo relaxation, the signal detected in NMR is an approximately exponential free induction decay. Fourier transform of an exponential decay yields a Lorentzian peak in the frequency domain. Lorentzian peaks in an NMR spectrum are defined by their amplitude, full width at half maximum, and position, where the peak width is governed by the spin-spin relaxation time alone. In real experiments, however, the applied magnetic field is rendered...

Detection of Gross Error: The Q Test

Detection of Gross Error: The Q Test

When one or more data points appear far from the rest of the data, there is a need to determine whether they are outliers and whether they should be eliminated from the data set to ensure an accurate representation of the measured value. In many cases, outliers arise from gross errors (or human errors) and do not accurately reflect the underlying phenomenon. In some cases, however, these apparent outliers reflect true phenomenological differences. In these cases, we can use statistical methods...

Woodward–Hoffmann Selection Rules and Microscopic Reversibility

Woodward–Hoffmann Selection Rules and Microscopic Reversibility

Electrocyclic reactions, cycloadditions, and sigmatropic rearrangements are concerted pericyclic reactions that proceed via a cyclic transition state. These reactions are stereospecific and regioselective. The stereochemistry of the products depends on the symmetry characteristics of the interacting orbitals and the reaction conditions. Accordingly, pericyclic reactions are classified as either symmetry-allowed or symmetry-forbidden. Woodward and Hoffmann presented the selection criteria for...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

Optical Sensing near the Quantum Limit with Enhanced Dynamic Range by Resolving the Spectra of Interfering Photons.

Physical review letters·2026

Same author

Continuous-variable fault-tolerant quantum computation under general noise.

Nature communications·2026

Same author

Downloading Many-Qubit Entanglement from Continuous-Variable Cluster States.

Physical review letters·2026

Same author

Reply to: Comment on Room-temperature spontaneous superradiance from single diamond nanocrystals.

Nature communications·2026

Same author

Association between social phobia and allergic asthma in adolescents.

Frontiers in allergy·2025

Same author

First-principles investigation of the terahertz absorption spectrum and thermodynamic properties of methane hydrate.

Physical chemistry chemical physics : PCCP·2025

Same journal

Erratum: Bacterial Turbulence at Compressible Fluid Interfaces [Phys. Rev. Lett. 136, 138301 (2026)].

Physical review letters·2026

Same journal

Unveiling Light-Quark Yukawa Flavor Structure via Dihadron Fragmentation at Lepton Colliders.

Physical review letters·2026

Same journal

Adaptable Route to Fast Coherent State Transport via Bang-Bang-Bang Protocols.

Physical review letters·2026

Same journal

Topological Transition and Emergence of Elasticity of Dislocation in Skyrmion Lattice: Beyond Kittel's Magnetic-Polar Analogy.

Physical review letters·2026

Same journal

Pound-Drever-Hall Method for Superconducting-Qubit Readout.

Physical review letters·2026

Same journal

Coupling a ^{73}Ge Nuclear Spin to an Electrostatically Defined Quantum Dot in Silicon.

Physical review letters·2026

See all related articles

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 9, 2026

Generation and Coherent Control of Pulsed Quantum Frequency Combs

Generation and Coherent Control of Pulsed Quantum Frequency Combs

Published on: June 8, 2018

Linear-Optical Quantum Computation with Arbitrary Error-Correcting Codes.

Blayney W Walshe¹, Ben Q Baragiola^1,2, Hugo Ferretti¹

¹Xanadu Quantum Technologies Inc., Toronto, Ontario, Canada.

Physical Review Letters

|March 28, 2025

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

This study introduces a new linear-optical architecture for generating essential quantum entanglement, improving high-rate quantum error-correcting codes for fault-tolerant quantum computers.

More Related Videos

Quantum State Engineering of Light with Continuous-wave Optical Parametric Oscillators

Quantum State Engineering of Light with Continuous-wave Optical Parametric Oscillators

Published on: May 30, 2014

Gradient Echo Quantum Memory in Warm Atomic Vapor

Gradient Echo Quantum Memory in Warm Atomic Vapor

Published on: November 12, 2013

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jan 9, 2026

Generation and Coherent Control of Pulsed Quantum Frequency Combs

Generation and Coherent Control of Pulsed Quantum Frequency Combs

Published on: June 8, 2018

Quantum State Engineering of Light with Continuous-wave Optical Parametric Oscillators

Quantum State Engineering of Light with Continuous-wave Optical Parametric Oscillators

Published on: May 30, 2014

Gradient Echo Quantum Memory in Warm Atomic Vapor

Gradient Echo Quantum Memory in Warm Atomic Vapor

Published on: November 12, 2013

Area of Science:

Quantum Information Science
Quantum Computing
Quantum Error Correction

Background:

Fault-tolerant quantum computers require high-rate quantum error-correcting codes.
Efficient generation of nonlocal, many-body entanglement is crucial for these codes.
Leveraging physical noise bias can enhance quantum error correction.

Purpose of the Study:

To present a novel linear-optical architecture for generating nonlocal, many-body entanglement.
To demonstrate compatibility with arbitrary quantum error-correcting codes and Gottesman-Kitaev-Preskill (GKP) qubits.
To enable the utilization of physical noise bias in quantum error correction.

Main Methods:

Development of a linear-optical architecture.
Compatibility testing with arbitrary codes and GKP qubits on generic lattices.
Simulations of hyperbolic surface codes and bivariate bicycle codes.

Main Results:

The proposed architecture efficiently generates nonlocal, many-body entanglement.
It is compatible with arbitrary codes and GKP qubits on generic lattices.
Simulations show a quantum error correction threshold comparable to the 2D surface code.
Substantially improved encoding rates were achieved for hyperbolic surface codes and bivariate bicycle codes.

Conclusions:

The developed linear-optical architecture is a significant advancement for high-rate quantum error correction.
It offers a practical method for generating the necessary entanglement for fault-tolerant quantum computing.
The architecture shows promise for improving the efficiency and performance of quantum error-correcting codes, particularly quantum low-density parity-check codes.