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Using Wearable Technology to Evaluate Sleep and Stress for Physicians.

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Physician burnout is linked to poor sleep, which wearable devices can track. Data show physicians sleep less and have higher stress, suggesting wearables can improve well-being and patient care.

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Area of Science:

  • Medical Informatics
  • Occupational Health
  • Sleep Medicine

Background:

  • Physician stress and burnout are significant issues, often worsened by sleep deprivation.
  • Poor sleep impacts physician well-being and patient care quality.
  • Advancements in wearable technology offer real-time monitoring of physiological metrics like sleep and stress.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To systematically review the use of wearable technology for tracking sleep quality, stress, and burnout in physicians.
  • To investigate how wearable data can inform interventions for physician well-being.

Main Methods:

  • A systematic review adhering to PRISMA guidelines was performed.
  • Databases searched included Medline, Cochrane, and Embase.
  • Thirteen studies measuring sleep and stress outcomes in physicians using wearable technology were included, extracting data on study design, participants, technology, sleep metrics, and heart rate variability (HRV).

Main Results:

  • Data from 540 physicians, primarily in Emergency Medicine and Trauma Surgery, were analyzed.
  • Physicians on call slept significantly less (226.0 ± 71.3 min) than those off call (398.3 ± 49.0 min).
  • Average rapid eye movement (REM) sleep was 82.5 ± 13.4 min, with 41.3 ± 21.8 min spent awake before sleep onset. Average HRV (SD of R-R intervals) was 62.7 ± 28.8 ms.

Conclusions:

  • Wearable technology reveals physicians experience insufficient sleep and reduced sleep quality.
  • Heart rate variability data suggest elevated stress and burnout levels among physicians.
  • Wearable device data hold potential for enhancing physician well-being and improving patient care outcomes.