Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jul 5, 2026

Methods of Ex Situ and In Situ Investigations of Structural Transformations: The Case of Crystallization of Metallic Glasses
Published on: June 7, 2018
Magnetic properties and electronic structure ofJeff=12square lattice quantum magnet Bi2ErO4Cl
V K Singh1, Seong-Hoon Kim2, K Nam2
1Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Tirupati, Tirupati, 517 619, India.
Abstract:
Two-dimensional (2D) rare-earth-based square lattice (SL) quantum magnets provide a pathway to achieve distinctive ground states characterized by unusual excitations. We investigate the magnetic, heat capacity, structural, and electronic properties of a magnetic system Bi2ErO4Cl. This compound features a structurally ideal 2D SL composed of Er3+rare-earth magnetic ions. The single-phase polycrystalline sample was synthesized using hydrothermal, followed by a vacuum-sealed tube technique. The analysis of heat capacity and magnetic data indicates that the Er3+ion adopts aJeff=12state at low temperatures. Fitting the Curie-Weiss (CW) law to the low-temperature magnetic susceptibility data reveals a CW temperature of approximately -2.1 K, suggesting antiferromagnetic (AFM) interactions between the Er3+moments. Our first-principles calculations validate a 2D spin model relevant to the titled Er compound. The presence of AFM interaction between the Er3+ions is further confirmed using total energy calculations (DFT+U), aligning with the experimental results. The heat capacity measurements reveal the presence of magnetic long-range order belowTN= 0.47 K. The magnetic heat capacity data followsT1.8power law dependence belowTN.
More Related Videos
06:49Radio Frequency Magnetron Sputtering of GdBa2Cu3O7−δ/ La0.67Sr0.33MnO3 Quasi-bilayer Films on SrTiO3 (STO) Single-crystal Substrates
Published on: April 12, 2019
06:53Magnetometric Characterization of Intermediates in the Solid-State Electrochemistry of Redox-Active Metal-Organic Frameworks
Published on: June 9, 2023
Related Concept Videos
Valence Bond Theory
Crystal Field Theory - Tetrahedral and Square Planar Complexes
Crystal field theory (CFT) is applicable to molecules in geometries other than octahedral. In octahedral complexes, the lobes of the dx2−y2 and dz2 orbitals point directly at the ligands. For tetrahedral complexes, the d orbitals remain in place, but with only four ligands located between the axes. None of the orbitals points directly at the tetrahedral ligands. However, the dx2−y2 and dz2 orbitals (along the Cartesian axes) overlap with the ligands less than the dxy,...
Colors and Magnetism
When atoms or molecules absorb light at the proper frequency, their electrons are excited to higher-energy orbitals. For many main group atoms and molecules, the absorbed photons are in the ultraviolet range of the electromagnetic spectrum, which cannot be detected by the human eye. For coordination compounds, the energy difference between the d orbitals often allows photons in the visible range to be absorbed and emitted, which is seen as colors by the human eye.
Diamagnetism
Diamagnetism was discovered by Anton Brugmans in 1778 when he observed that bismuth gets repelled by magnetic fields, thus theorizing that diamagnets get repelled by magnets.
Ferromagnetism
Lattice Energies of Ionic Crystals