Nanofluidic Memristive Transition and Synaptic Emulation in Atomically Thin Pores

Ionic transport across nanochannels is the basis of communications in living organisms, enlightening neuromorphic nanofluidic iontronics. Comparing to the angstrom-scale long biological ionic pathways, it remains a great challenge to achieve nanofluidic memristors at such thinnest limit due to the ambiguous electrical model and interaction process. Here, we report atomically thin memristive nanopores in two-dimensional materials by designing optimized ionic conductance to decouple the memristive, ohmic, and capacitive effects. By conducting different charged iontronics, we realize the reconfigurable memristive transition between nonvolatile-bipolar and volatile-unipolar characteristics, which arises from distinct transport processes governed by energy barriers. Notably, we emulate synaptic functions with ultralow energy consumption of ∼0.546 pJ per spike and reproduce biological learning behaviors. The memristive nanopores are similar to the biosystems in angstrom structure, rich iontronic responses, and millisecond-level operating pulse width, matching the biological potential width. This work provides a new paradigm for boosting brain-inspired nanofluidic devices.