Rapid development of attenuated IBV vaccine candidates through a versatile backbone applicable to variants
Yuanlu Lu1, Yiran Zeng1, Haowei Luo1
1MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, Engineering Laboratory of Animal Immunity of Jiangsu Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, 210095, Nanjing, China.
Abstract:
The antigen variability of the infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) has hindered vaccine effectiveness and perpetuated its epidemic. We engineered a rapid attenuation method for IBV variants. The strategy involves creating the rH-CPDF7 backbone by recoding a segment of the H120 nonstructural protein (NSP) genome via codon pair deoptimization (CPD), facilitating S gene integration from IBV variants via transformation-associated recombination (TAR) cloning. These recombinant strains exhibited even lower pathogenicity, indicating the effectiveness of CPDF7 in reducing virulence. Importantly, the rH-CPDF7 backbone demonstrated versatility, being applicable to the development of attenuated strains for IBV variants, including the QX-type, TW-type, and GVI-type strains (different genotypes). In conclusion, our method allows for the rapid development of attenuated strains by integrating the S gene of IBV variants into the rH-CPDF7 backbone. These recombinant strains can elicit a strong immune response and provide effective protection against homologous challenges. This strategy is crucial for developing live-attenuated vaccines against emerging IBV strains.
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