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Cell adhesion molecules and incident hypertension in black and white adults: the REGARDS study

Tyler Harkness1, Katherine Wilkinson2, Ying K Loo3

  • 1Boston Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts.

Journal of Hypertension
|March 29, 2025
PubMed

Insights

Inflammation biomarkers E-selectin and ICAM-1 show links to new hypertension cases, particularly in White adults. Further research into modifying E-selectin could help prevent hypertension development.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiovascular Disease Epidemiology
  • Inflammation and Immunology
  • Hypertension Research

Background:

  • Inflammation, indicated by C-reactive protein, is linked to increased hypertension risk.
  • Cell adhesion molecules like E-selectin, ICAM-1, and VCAM-1 play roles in inflammation but their association with incident hypertension is not well-understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between baseline levels of E-selectin, ICAM-1, and VCAM-1 and the risk of developing incident hypertension.
  • To explore potential racial differences in these associations among US adults.

Main Methods:

  • The study utilized data from 1879 nonhypertensive participants (aged ≥45 years) from the REGARDS cohort, with a median follow-up of 9 years.
  • Modified Poisson regression was used to estimate the relative risk (RR) of incident hypertension across tertiles of baseline E-selectin, ICAM-1, and VCAM-1.
  • Participants with existing hypertension or missing biomarker data at baseline were excluded.

Main Results:

  • During follow-up, 36% of participants developed hypertension.
  • Higher E-selectin levels were associated with an increased risk of incident hypertension among White adults (RR 1.27; 95% CI 1.04-1.44 comparing tertile 3 vs. 1 in minimally adjusted models).
  • ICAM-1 showed an association with greater hypertension risk in unadjusted models, while VCAM-1 levels were higher in White participants.

Conclusions:

  • E-selectin showed an association with incident hypertension in White adults, and ICAM-1 showed associations in both White and Black adults in some models.
  • These findings suggest that E-selectin and ICAM-1 may be relevant biomarkers for hypertension risk.
  • Targeting E-selectin modification could be a potential strategy to reduce hypertension development.
Abstract

Keywords:
cell adhesion moleculescohort studyhypertensioninflammationrace

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