The role of TyG index in predicting low left ventricular ejection fraction after acute coronary syndrome

This study aimed to investigate whether triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index and other clinical and demographic parameters are associated with left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) following an acute coronary syndrome (ACS) event.

This retrospective cohort study included patients hospitalized with a diagnosis of ACS. The TyG index was calculated using the formula: TyG = ln [fasting triglycerides (mg/dL) × fasting glucose (mg/dL)/2]. A total of 2,135 patients were included in the study (mean age: 57.49 ± 11.45 years, 78.64% male). Multivariable logistic regression revealed that mildly reduced or reduced LVEF was associated with immigrant population (p = 0.004), diabetes mellitus (p = 0.017), previous coronary artery disease (CAD) (p < 0.001), ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) (p < 0.001) and high (≥4.95) TyG index (p < 0.001). Reduced LVEF (≤40%) was independently associated with an immigrant status (p = 0.031), previous CAD (p = 0.001), peripheral artery disease (p = 0.038), renal diseases (p = 0.011), STEMI (p < 0.001) and high (≥5.10) TyG index (p < 0.001).

The TyG index shows potential as an independent risk factor for low LVEF after ACS.However, its relatively low sensitivity and specificity suggest that it may have a supportive role in risk stratification. Further research is needed to confirm its utility as a reliable prognostic marker for heart failure in ACS patients.