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Where could climate-smart rewilding be located in Europe?
Judith Kloibhofer1, Reinhard Prestele1, Georg Leitinger2
1Institute of Meteorology and Climate Research, Atmospheric Environmental Research (IMK-IFU), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Kreuzeckbahnstraße 19, 82467, Garmisch-Partenkirchen, Germany.
Journal of Environmental Management
|March 29, 2025
Summary
Climate-smart rewilding offers ecological restoration and carbon sequestration benefits. Identifying suitable European locations requires assessing ecological, carbon, and land potentials, revealing scattered opportunities with competing land demands.
Area of Science:
- Ecological restoration
- Climate change mitigation
- Spatial planning
Background:
- Climate-smart rewilding integrates ecological restoration with carbon sequestration.
- A continental-scale spatial assessment of suitable rewilding locations in Europe is lacking.
- Understanding potential rewilding sites is crucial for effective climate change mitigation and biodiversity recovery.
Purpose of the Study:
- To develop and apply a spatial assessment approach for mapping climate-smart rewilding potential across Europe.
- To identify key European regions with high potential for climate-smart rewilding.
- To analyze synergies and trade-offs between ecological, carbon, and land potentials for rewilding.
Main Methods:
- Developed a multi-dimensional mapping approach considering ecological, carbon, and land potentials.
- Assessed climate-smart rewilding potential across Europe using these three dimensions.
- Analyzed spatial patterns, synergies, and trade-offs between the identified potentials.
Main Results:
- Climate-smart rewilding potential is spatially distributed across Europe, with hotspots in mountainous regions like the Alps and Scottish Highlands.
- Other potential areas include the Iberian Peninsula, Scandinavia, Northern UK, and Eastern Europe.
- High potential areas often exhibit strengths in only one dimension, indicating limited synergies and highlighting competing land use demands.
Conclusions:
- The study provides a novel spatial assessment for climate-smart rewilding potential in Europe.
- Findings highlight the uneven distribution of rewilding potential and the complexities of land-use competition.
- The approach offers valuable data for planning ecological restoration and climate change mitigation strategies.
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