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A spatially resolved transcriptome landscape during thyroid cancer progression.

Tian Liao1, Yu Zeng2, Weibo Xu1

  • 1Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center; Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China.

Cell Reports. Medicine
|March 29, 2025
PubMed

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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Thyroid cancer progression involves complex tumor microenvironment (TME) remodeling. This study maps TME changes using spatial transcriptomics, revealing distinct cell populations and interactions crucial for diagnosis and treatment.

Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Genomics
  • Cell Biology

Background:

  • Thyroid cancer progression is influenced by tumor microenvironment (TME) remodeling.
  • The spatial dynamics of TME changes in thyroid cancer remain poorly understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To spatially map the TME architecture across different stages of thyroid cancer, from para-tumor tissue to anaplastic thyroid carcinoma.
  • To identify molecular and cellular heterogeneity and key cell-cell interactions driving thyroid cancer progression.

Main Methods:

  • Integration of spatial transcriptomics and single-cell RNA sequencing.
  • Analysis of tissue samples including para-tumor thyroid (PT), papillary thyroid cancer (PTC), locally advanced PTC (LPTC), and anaplastic thyroid carcinoma (ATC).
Keywords:
cell-cell interactionssingle-cell transcriptomicsspatial transcriptomicsthyroid cancertumor leading-edge regions

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Main Results:

  • Identification of three distinct thyrocyte meta-clusters associated with different disease stages: TG+IYG+ in PT, HLA-DRB1+HLA-DRA+ in early stages, and APOE+APOC1+ in late-stage progression.
  • Revealed stage-specific tumor leading edge remodeling and high-confidence cell-cell interactions (e.g., COL8A1-ITHB1 in PTC, LAMB2-ITGB4 in LPTC, SERPINE1-PLAUR in ATC).
  • SERPINE1 expression and SERPINE1+ fibroblast abundance correlated with malignant progression and prognosis.

Conclusions:

  • The study provides a spatially resolved framework of TME remodeling in thyroid cancer.
  • Findings offer novel insights into thyroid cancer heterogeneity, progression mechanisms, and potential therapeutic targets.