Bioinspired sustainable development of Ag-CuO/MWCNT nanocomposites for antibacterial applications

This study explores the bioinspired and sustainable synthesis of Ag-CuO/MWCNT nanocomposites for enhanced antibacterial applications. Utilizing a green synthesis approach, Rivina humilis plant extract served as a natural reducing and stabilizing agent during the co-precipitation method to fabricate the nanocomposites. The integration of silver (Ag) and copper oxide (CuO) nanoparticles with multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNT) resulted in a synergistic antibacterial effect. The Ag nanoparticles disrupt bacterial membranes by releasing Ag⁺ ions, while CuO generates reactive oxygen species (ROS), leading to oxidative stress and bacterial cell death. The MWCNT enhances structural stability and provides additional mechanical damage to the bacterial cells. This multi-mechanistic approach ensures superior antibacterial performance against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. The eco-friendly synthesis process aligns with principles of sustainability, offering a promising alternative for developing advanced antimicrobial materials while reducing environmental impact, whereas S. agalactiae showing the largest zone of inhibition (15 mm). These findings highlight the potential of bioinspired nanocomposites in combating bacterial infections effectively.