Temozolomide-loaded bacterial magnetosomes improve targeted therapy for brain tumors

Novel active-targeting nano-therapeutic, Temozolomide-loaded magnetosomes conjugate has been developed to address the challenges of high metastatic rates and recurrence of tumors due to tumor circulating cells. Temozolomide-loaded magnetosomes as drug conjugate were characterized through a scanning electron microscope, Zeta-sizer, and UV-visible spectroscopy. The anti-tumor activity was studied in vitro (Cell viability, Cell proliferation, and flow cytometry) and in vivo (Xenograft tumor model). The particle size of temozolomide-coated magnetosomes is larger than that of uncoated magnetosomes. The zeta potential decreased to -11.2 from -21.6 mV for Temozolomide- magnetosomes conjugates. The drug-coated magnetosomes can sustain drug release, reducing the frequency of administration and enhancing their therapeutic effect. The study found that Temozolomide-loaded magnetosomes conjugate showed enhanced tumor cytotoxicity and apoptosis than free Temozolomide or magnetosomes. In vivo, the treatment of mice with Temozolomide-loaded magnetosomes inhibited tumor growth to 405.25 mm³ and reduced tumor weight (0.60 g), with fewer juvenile cells and increased necrotic area. These results suggest Bacterial magnetosomes as an appropriate choice for cancer therapy since they may be superior drug carriers with increased therapeutic efficacy and no undesirable side effects to the brain.