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Updated: Apr 1, 2026

In Situ Soil Moisture Sensors in Undisturbed Soils
Published on: November 18, 2022
Thirty years of ground deformation monitoring at Stromboli volcano
Valentina Bruno1, Bellina Di Lieto2, Salvatore Gambino1
1Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Osservatorio Etneo, Catania, Italy.
Abstract:
Since 1992, INGV has collected tilt, GNSS (Global Navigation Satellite System) and strainmeter data, for the monitoring of effusive and explosive activity of Stromboli volcano. In this timespan, ground deformations related to eruptive activity, paroxystic explosions, cycles of inflation/deflation and many other phenomena of volcanological and geophysical interest have occurred. The dataset from the permanent geodetic networks spans the period 1992/2022 with a variable sampling rate, depending on the individual instrument: from the daily 3D coordinates of GNSS stations to the 1 Hz data of the strainmeter. The time series of GNSS, tilt and strainmeters data cover the entire spectrum of the volcanic and tectonic events observed at Stromboli. A GNSS-derived velocity field is also provided.
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