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Centenarian physical functioning evolution and COVID-19 impact: A study in Japan.

Xinyu Zhang¹, Jean-Marie Robine², Yasuyuki Gondo¹

¹Graduate School of Human Sciences, the University of Osaka, Osaka, Japan.

|March 31, 2025

Summary

Japanese centenarians

Keywords:

ADL, Mobility Centenarian Covid-19 Physical function

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Area of Science:

Gerontology
Public Health
Sociology

Background:

Centenarian functional status and activities of daily living (ADL) have shown recent improvements.
The impact of COVID-19 on centenarian ADL remains unclear.
This study investigates long-term trends and COVID-19's influence on Japanese centenarians.

Purpose of the Study:

To determine if Japanese centenarians' physical function has improved over time.
To assess the effect of the COVID-19 pandemic on centenarian ADL and mobility.

Main Methods:

Longitudinal data collection from Kyotango City centenarians (2014-2022).
Cohort divided into three periods: 2014-2016, 2017-2019, and 2020-2022.
Analysis of functional status, basic activities of daily living (BADL), and mobility trends.

Main Results:

Centenarian ADL declined with age across all cohorts.
Independent female centenarians showed decreased BADL and mobility from 2017-2022.
Male centenarians did not follow this declining trend; only bedridden rates decreased overall.

Conclusions:

The proportion of independent female centenarians declined with age in both BADL and mobility.
Male centenarians showed an opposite trend to females regarding independence.
Observed trends in centenarian functional status were not significantly impacted by the COVID-19 pandemic.